Is the Definition of a Topological Space Paradoxical?

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The discussion centers around the definition of a topological space and the apparent paradox of a set being a subset of itself. It clarifies that a topological space consists of a set X and a collection T of subsets, where T is a subset of the power set of X, allowing X to be included in T. The distinction between open and closed sets is also explored, emphasizing that open sets are defined by their neighborhoods, while closed sets are defined by their complements. The conversation touches on the nature of mathematical definitions, asserting that all mathematical objects, including topological spaces, are fundamentally set-theoretic. Understanding these concepts is essential for advancing in higher mathematics, including differential geometry and topology.
  • #31
I don't think that Differential Geometry requires a strong background in topology, but my experience with Differential Geometry hasn't exactly been the best, so someone else should probably comment on that.

http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/

might help with your quest for information.
 
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  • #32
T is not a subset of X. T is a collection of subsets of X. In other words, T is a set of sets. Your first reply said this in a fancy way, by stating that T is a subset of the power set of X. To be a topology, T must contain at least two elements: X itself, and the empty set. If T contains only these two sets, it is called the indiscreet topology
for X. If T contains all subsets of X, i.e., the entire power set, then T is called the
discreet topology. Interesting topologies associated with X are usually between these two extremes.
 
  • #33
Just learn differential geometry and tensor calculus, and you'll be set for a good into to GR. There are many good books on the topic; I like one called "A Short Course on General Relativity" by Nightingale.

- Warren
 
  • #34
this discussion persuades me that the art of reading books is hopelessly lost. anyone who read even a few pages of a mediocre book on topology would not have any of these questions.

web based learning is obviously a satanic invention of the powers of ignorance, superstition, and darkness!
 

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