Is V Perpendicular a Subset of U Perpendicular in Subspaces of Rn?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that if U is a proper subset of V, then the orthogonal complement of V (denoted as V⊥) is a proper subset of the orthogonal complement of U (denoted as U⊥) in the context of subspaces of Rn. Participants explore the properties of orthogonality, emphasizing that U⊥ is orthogonal to both U and V, while V⊥ is orthogonal to V. The conclusion drawn is that the elements of V⊥ are indeed contained within U⊥, confirming the subset relationship.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of vector spaces and subspaces in Rn
  • Knowledge of orthogonal complements (denoted as U⊥ and V⊥)
  • Familiarity with properties of dot products in linear algebra
  • Basic grasp of set theory and subset relationships
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of orthogonal complements in linear algebra
  • Learn about the relationship between subspaces and their orthogonal complements
  • Explore theorems related to dimensions of subspaces and their orthogonal complements
  • Investigate examples of proper subsets and their implications in Rn
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students of linear algebra, and anyone studying vector spaces and orthogonality in Rn will benefit from this discussion.

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Suppose U, V are proper subsets of Rn and are subspaces and U is a proper subset of V. PRove that V perp is a proper subset of U perp

Ok SO let U ={u1, u2, ..., un}
let V = {v1,...vn}
let V perp = {x1,x2,..., xn}
let U perp = {w1,...wn}
certainly u1 . w1 = 0
(u1 + u2 ) . (w1+w2) = 0
cu1 . cw1 = 0

everything till now is pretty much basically understood
i can't find a wayu to maek a proof work... Any hints would be appreciated!
I really want to be able to get this one!
 
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can anyone help?

i am still stuck on this problem and i need to solve it ...

ok so far i get this part
if U perp is orthognal to U then U perp is orthogonal to V.
If V perp is orthognal to V then V perp is orthogonal to U
this V perp is orthogonal to U perp

then Wn . Xn = 0
now U^{\bot} \bigcap U = \{0\}
and U^{\bot} \bigcap V = \{0\}
similarly it applies for V perp
so both U perp and V perp include elements that are perpendicular to U and V and contain everything (but zero) that is perpendicular to U and V, thus not included in U and V.
Now how would i relate U perp and V perp to each other. Is there a theorem that says that the perpendicular space to a bigger subspace is smaller than the perpendicular subspace to the subspace contained in the bigger subspace??
 

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