Justifying Set Boundedness of $S_{||\cdot||_2}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n

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SUMMARY

The set \( S_{||\cdot||_2} := \{ x \in \mathbb{R}^n : ||x||_2 = 1 \} \) is proven to be bounded by establishing that there exists a positive constant \( K \) such that for all \( x, y \in S_{||\cdot||_2} \), the inequality \( \|x - y\|_2 \leq K \) holds. Specifically, using the triangle inequality, it is determined that \( K = 2 \) serves as a suitable upper bound for the distances between any two points in the set. This formal justification confirms the boundedness of the set in Euclidean space.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Euclidean norm \( ||\cdot||_2 \)
  • Familiarity with the triangle inequality in metric spaces
  • Basic knowledge of bounded sets in mathematical analysis
  • Concept of distance in \( \mathbb{R}^n \)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of bounded sets in metric spaces
  • Learn about the triangle inequality and its applications
  • Explore the concept of compactness in \( \mathbb{R}^n \)
  • Investigate the implications of boundedness in functional analysis
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Mathematicians, students of analysis, and anyone studying properties of sets in Euclidean spaces will benefit from this discussion.

evinda
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Hello! (Wave)We have that $S_{||\cdot||_2}:= \{ x \in \mathbb{R}^n: ||x||_2=1\}$.

How can we justify that the above set is bounded?

Do we just say that if $x \in S_{||\cdot||_2}$ then $||x||_2=1 \leq 1$ and so the set is bounded. How could we justify it more formally?
 
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Hi evinda,

To show formally that this set is bounded, you need to prove that there is a positive number $K$ such that for all $x,y\in S$, $\|x-y\|_2\le K$. Using the triangle inequality you'll find that $K=2$ is a suitable upper bound.
 

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