SUMMARY
In a perfectly inelastic collision involving two particles, where a particle of mass m1 with speed v1 collides with a stationary particle of mass m2, the fraction of kinetic energy lost can be derived from the conservation of momentum. The final velocity vf can be expressed as vf = (m1v1) / (m1 + m2). The kinetic energy lost is calculated by comparing the initial kinetic energy KEinitial = (1/2)m1v12 with the final kinetic energy KEfinal = (1/2)(m1 + m2)vf2. The analysis shows that the energy loss is significant when m1 is much smaller than m2 and vice versa.
PREREQUISITES
- Understanding of kinetic energy formula KE = (1/2)mv2
- Knowledge of conservation of momentum principles
- Familiarity with perfectly inelastic collisions
- Basic algebra for manipulating equations
NEXT STEPS
- Calculate the fraction of kinetic energy lost in various mass ratios of m1 and m2
- Explore the implications of momentum conservation in elastic versus inelastic collisions
- Investigate real-world applications of inelastic collisions in physics
- Learn about energy dissipation mechanisms in collisions
USEFUL FOR
Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and collision theory, as well as educators seeking to explain concepts of kinetic energy and momentum conservation.