Length Contraction: Calculate Observed Length w/o and w/ Theory of Relativity

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the observed length of a stick measuring 1 meter as it travels at a velocity of v = 1/2 c away from an observer. Without the theory of relativity, the observer perceives the stick to be shorter due to the time delay in light reaching the observer from both ends of the stick. The calculation involves understanding the time it takes for light to travel the distance while accounting for the stick's motion. Using the theory of relativity, specifically the Lorentz transformation, the perceived length can be calculated with the formula l = l_{o}√(1 - v²/c²), confirming that both methods ultimately yield the same result.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic concepts in special relativity
  • Familiarity with Lorentz transformations
  • Knowledge of the speed of light (c) and its implications
  • Ability to perform algebraic calculations involving square roots
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Lorentz transformation equations
  • Learn about the implications of time dilation in special relativity
  • Explore practical applications of length contraction in physics
  • Investigate scenarios involving relativistic speeds and their effects on measurements
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators teaching special relativity, and anyone interested in understanding the effects of relativistic motion on observed lengths and time measurements.

Icheb
Messages
42
Reaction score
0
A stick of 1m in length travels at v = 1/2 c along its axis away from the observer.

Question 1:
Show that the observer perceives the length of the stick to be shorter without theory of relativity. Calculate the length as perceived by him if he calculates it by the difference in length between both ends which have been photographed at the same time.

Question 2:
Use theory of relativity to solve the first question.

Regarding 1:
The light emitted by the far end of the stick has to be emitted a little bit sooner so that it reaches the observer at the same time as light from the front end of the stick. Since light travels at c towards the observer and the stick travels at 1/2 c away, it's necessary to know how fast 1/2 c (the difference between the speed of light and the speed of the stick) needs to cover 1m. The time it takes for this determines how much later the front end has to emit a photon so that it reaches the observer at the same time as a photon emitted by the far end.

Is that correct so far?

Now I'm not sure how to calculate the perceived length. I guess I have to find out where the photon of the far end has to be emitted relative to the front end, but how would I do that?

Regarding 2:
I'm not sure about the approach. I know how to use Lorentz transformation to get the new length, but would I include the effect calculated for question 1 as well or not?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
for question 2, you can use lorentz position transformations to find this but it is more difficult than to use the length contraction relation (if you have studied it). Ultimately, though, they will reduce to the same thing, and you will find:
l = l_{o}\sqrt{1-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}}}
If you use the lorentz transofmrations, be sure to remember that some relations must cancel (\Delta ? = 0 -- i leave the question mark for you to fill in) based on the way you must make measurements.
 
Last edited:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 36 ·
2
Replies
36
Views
3K
  • · Replies 44 ·
2
Replies
44
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
846
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
3K
Replies
11
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K