Light and Color: The Science Behind Reflection, Absorption, and Transmission

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What is the origin of light the color in the following objects and does the color of these objects involves absorption, reflection, and/or transmission of light:
a beam of blue light
a white sheet of paper
a red shirt
a black shoe
a transparent yellow solution

My guesses in order:
not sure
reflects light of all wavelengths that compose visible light so that the result is white
reflects light of the appropriate wavelength ~700nm
not sure
i'm pretty sure some absorption is going on here since such solutions can be used with colorimetry analysis
 
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What is the origin of light the color in the following objects...
... this does not make sense.
Is this how the problem statement was written down?

But I think I understand what it is trying to say.
There are two parts: what is the origin of the color, and what process is involved.

It is best not to guess - try to reason it out:
1. How does light get it's color?
2. How do objects get their colors?