Magnetar Mystery: How Do Neutrons Generate a Magnetic Field?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the generation of magnetic fields in magnetars, which are a type of neutron star. Participants explore the roles of neutrons, protons, and electrons in the formation of these magnetic fields, as well as the historical context of magnetic field inheritance from supernova events.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that neutrons, having zero charge, do not generate magnetic fields.
  • Others argue that while neutrons are neutral, they possess an intrinsic magnetic moment, which may contribute to the magnetic field of a magnetar.
  • It is noted that neutron star cores contain a mix of electrons and protons, with estimates suggesting up to ten percent of these charged particles.
  • Some participants propose that the magnetic field of a magnetar is inherited from the progenitor star that underwent a supernova, emphasizing the persistence of magnetic fields and their concentration due to the smaller size of the neutron star.
  • A participant mentions the existence of a short-lived geodynamo in the early stages of a neutron star, which ceases once the core becomes superconductive.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express disagreement regarding the role of neutrons in generating magnetic fields, with some asserting that neutrons cannot contribute due to their charge, while others highlight their intrinsic magnetic moment. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing views on the mechanisms involved.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the discussion regarding the assumptions about the contributions of neutrons versus charged particles and the specifics of the geodynamo process in neutron stars. Additionally, the dependence on historical context and the persistence of magnetic fields is acknowledged but not fully explored.

swampwiz
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If a magnetar is a neutron star, how do the neutrons composing the star generate a magnetic field? A neutron has zero charge, so it generates no magnetic field.
 
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swampwiz said:
If a magnetar is a neutron star, how do the neutrons composing the star generate a magnetic field? A neutron has zero charge, so it generates no magnetic field.
Neutron star cores contain a percentage of electrons and protons. I've seen estimates as high as ten percent.

However the magnetic field is inherited from the star that went supernova. Magnetic fields are remarkably persistent. The neutron star is far smaller than the original star so the magnetic field becomes very concentrated.

In the case of a magnetar, there was a short-lived geodynamo in the early days of the neutron star. Once the core is cool enough to be superconductive, there are no more convection currents and hence no more geodynamo. I haven't looked at these things for 15 years so I might not remember it correctly, that's the best I can do.
 
swampwiz said:
If a magnetar is a neutron star, how do the neutrons composing the star generate a magnetic field? A neutron has zero charge, so it generates no magnetic field.
That's not true. Neutrons have an intrinsic magnetic moment, though I'm unsure if this contributes to a magnetar's magnetic field or not. See here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_magnetic_moment
 
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swampwiz said:
A neutron has zero charge, so it generates no magnetic field.
Not true. A neutron has a magnetic moment - i.e. is a little magnet in and of itself.
 
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