Mechanical Energy of a system: Conceptual Problem

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SUMMARY

The total mechanical energy of a system is constant only if conservative forces act, making statement c true. Nonconservative forces, on the other hand, dissipate energy, confirming that statement d is false. Additionally, mechanical energy can indeed be converted to nonmechanical forms, validating statement e. Therefore, the correct answers to the homework problem are c and e.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of mechanical energy concepts
  • Knowledge of conservative and nonconservative forces
  • Familiarity with kinetic and potential energy definitions
  • Basic principles of energy conservation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of conservative forces in physics
  • Explore the relationship between kinetic and potential energy
  • Research energy dissipation in nonconservative systems
  • Examine real-world applications of mechanical energy conservation
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Students studying physics, educators teaching energy concepts, and anyone interested in the principles of mechanical energy and its conservation.

Yosty22
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Homework Statement



Which of the following statements is/are true?
Choose all that apply.

a. The total mechanical energy of a system, at anyone instant, is either all kinetic or all potential energy.
b. The total mechanical energy of a system is equally divided between kinetic and potential energy.
c. The total mechanical energy of a system is constant only if conservative forces act.
d. The total mechanical energy of a system is constant only if nonconservative forces act.
e. Mechanical energy can be dissipated to nonmechanical forms of energy.

Homework Equations



N/A

The Attempt at a Solution



I believe the answers are both c and e. I just wanted to clear up letter c because conservative forces are the ones that make total mechanical energy of a system constant, correct? Not nonconservative forces, because they would dissipate over time. Is this correct?
 
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Your answers look right to me.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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