Neutral Pion Decay: Why Can't it Produce Three Photons?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the decay modes of the neutral pion, specifically why it cannot decay into three photons. Participants explore the implications of charge conjugation invariance and its relation to the decay processes of the neutral pion.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the PDG's assertion that the decay of the neutral pion to three photons is forbidden due to charge conjugation, suggesting that adding another neutral particle should not inherently cause a violation.
  • Another participant asserts that the decay to two photons is also forbidden, although the reasoning behind this claim is not elaborated upon.
  • A participant clarifies the distinction between charge conjugation invariance and charge conservation, explaining that the neutral pion and photon are their own antiparticles and discussing their eigenvalues under the charge conjugation operator.
  • It is noted that the neutral pion has an eigenvalue of C=+1, which is linked to its decay into two photons rather than three, with the implication that a particle with C=+1 cannot decay into an odd number of photons.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the decay modes of the neutral pion, with some agreeing on the role of charge conjugation while others challenge the established claims regarding decay processes. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specifics of the decay to three photons.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the lack of detailed explanations for the claims about the decay to two photons and the assumptions underlying the charge conjugation eigenvalues.

akr
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Why is it not allowed for the neutral pion to decay to three photons? The PDG states that this mode violates charge conjugation, although obviously the two photon decay is the dominant decay of this particle, and I don't see how adding another neutral particle to the decay causes a violation of charge.

Thanks in advance!
 
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Note that it is also forbidden to decay to two photons.
 
"Charge conjugation" invariance is different than charge conservation.
There is a quantum operator C which converts a particle into its antiparticle.
Particles like the photon and pizero are their own antiparticles.
They are eigenstates of the charge conjugation operator C.
The photon has eigenvalue C=-1, which is determined by how it enters QED.
The pizero has eigenvalue C=+1, which is determined experimentally by the fact that it decays into two photons and not three (The operator C is a multiplicative operator.), and theoretically by the quark model. A particle with C=+1 cannot decay into an odd number of photons.
 
Thanks very much!
 

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