Orbital Periods of Planets vs Comets

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the differences in orbital periods between planets, specifically Uranus, and comets, highlighting the application of Kepler's laws of planetary motion. Kepler's second law, which states that a line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time, explains the variation in orbital speeds due to the elliptical nature of comet orbits compared to the more circular orbits of planets. The conversation also emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between terms such as "maximum radius" (aphelion) and "semi-major axis" in understanding these orbital dynamics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Kepler's laws of planetary motion
  • Familiarity with orbital mechanics and eccentricity
  • Knowledge of the definitions of aphelion and semi-major axis
  • Basic grasp of elliptical versus circular orbits
NEXT STEPS
  • Study Kepler's laws of planetary motion in detail
  • Research the mathematical formulation of orbital eccentricity
  • Explore the differences between elliptical and circular orbits
  • Learn about the significance of aphelion and semi-major axis in orbital dynamics
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and educators looking to deepen their understanding of orbital mechanics and the distinctions between planetary and cometary motion.

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Homework Statement
Uranus has an orbit of 19AU and the maximum radius for a comet's orbit is 19AU, so why are the periods different?
Relevant Equations
Uranus orbits 19AU and the comet orbits 19AU
Could someone please tell me if I'm on the right track with understanding this.

The periods of the comet and Uranus is different because of Kepler's second law? Is it because planets orbit the sun in a circular path whereas for comets it's a highly elliptical orbit?

Thank you.
 
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You may want to think about this:
- Which of Kepler's laws is about the orbital period?
- Does this law say anything about the eccentricity of the orbit?

Finally, I think you may be confusing "maximum radius" (aphelion) with semi major axis.
 

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