What is the Phase Change for Reflection Between Different Refractive Indices?

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The discussion centers on determining the phase change during reflection between three substances with different refractive indices (n1, n_f, n3). It is established that a phase change of pi occurs when light reflects off a medium with a higher refractive index, while no phase change occurs when reflecting off a lower index. The conditions outlined suggest that n1 < n_f > n3, leading to a pi phase change at the interface between n1 and n_f, with no change at n_f and n3. The conclusion drawn is that the overall phase change must be pi to ensure constructive interference. This analysis is crucial for understanding the behavior of light in multi-layer systems.
Monochr
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Homework Statement



Part of a longer question, what is the phase change, if any for a system of three substances of different n where there is surface reflection between n1 and n_f which is meant to constructively interfere with another surface reflection between n_f and n3.where n1 < n_f > n3 with n3 > n1?

Homework Equations



None, the textbook I am using only says that when n1 = n3 there will be a pi phase change and there will be none if n1>n_f>n3 or n1<n_f<n3.

The Attempt at a Solution



None, other than an intelligent guess it will be some sort of function with 0 < f(n_f) < pi.
 
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Anyone? This is part of a much larger project and I can well assume that it is indeed pi, the point is that I don't want to make too many undue assumptions.
 
When a light reflects on a material with higher refractive index it undergoes a phase change of pi in the other case the phase does not change, in your case there will be a pi change on n1, nf and no change at nf ,n3 so the phase change must be pi otherwise the interference would be destructive.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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