Photoproduction of pions off protons

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the photoproduction of pions from protons, specifically the interactions $$\gamma + p \rightarrow p + \pi^0$$ and $$\gamma + p \rightarrow n + \pi^+$$. It is established that high-energy photons can produce mesons heavier than pions and multiple mesons while maintaining net charge neutrality. The conversion of a proton to a neutron in the second interaction is explained through the rearrangement of quarks, where the same quark constituents are involved but grouped differently into hadrons.

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SnoliF
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A meson can be produced by a high energy photon scattering off a nucleon in an interaction such as
$$\gamma + p \rightarrow p + \pi^0$$
As long as the photon is sufficiently energetic, mesons heavier than the pion can be produced, as well as multiple mesons such as ##\pi^{+} + \pi^{-}## provided the net charge of the mesons is zero.

In reading about photoproduction, I've also see this interaction mentioned
$$\gamma + p \rightarrow n + \pi^+$$
but I have a question that I haven't been able to find an answer for- In the second interaction what process allows a proton to be converted to a neutron?
 
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In terms of the involved quarks, it is the same reaction (2*up, 1* down -> 2*up, 2*down, 1*anti-down), they just group differently into hadrons in the second reaction.
 
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mfb said:
In terms of the involved quarks, it is the same reaction (2*up, 1* down -> 2*up, 2*down, 1*anti-down), they just group differently into hadrons in the second reaction.
Thanks, that explains it perfectly.
 

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