Potential Energy - Work Done etc

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on solving two physics problems involving potential energy and motion. The first problem involves two children, one weighing 40 kg and the other 50 kg, using a rope over a branch, where the heavier child descends at 2 m/s before letting go. The task is to calculate the upward distance the lighter child moves before falling back. The second problem involves a particle at rest on a smooth hemisphere of radius 'a', which is displaced slightly, requiring the derivation of its speed 'v' in terms of 'a', gravitational acceleration 'g', and angle 'θ'.

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  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with potential and kinetic energy concepts
  • Basic knowledge of trigonometry and angles
  • Ability to analyze motion in two dimensions
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  • Study the principles of conservation of energy in mechanical systems
  • Learn about the dynamics of pulleys and tension in ropes
  • Explore the equations of motion for particles on curved surfaces
  • Investigate the effects of gravitational forces on different masses
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding mechanics, particularly in relation to forces, motion, and energy conservation.

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Please help me to solve the following question... I am really stuck.

1. Two children of mass 40 kg and 50 kg are holding on to the ends of a rope which passes over a thick horizontal branch of a tree. The parts of the rope on either side of the branch are vertical and the heavier child is moving downwards. A model is to be used in which the children may be considered as particles, and in which the rope is light and inextensible and is moving freely in a smooth groove on the branch. when the heavier child is moving at 2 m s^-1, she let's go of the rope. Calculate the further upward distance moved by the other child before falling back to the ground.
The motion described began with both children stationary. Calcuylate the distance they traveled before one let go of the rope.

2. A particle is at rest at the apex A of a smooth fixed hemisphere whose base is horixontal. Thhe hemisphere has centre O and radius a. The particle is then displaced very slightly from rest and moves on the surface where angle AQP=θ the particle has speed v. Find an expression for v in terms of a, g and θ.

Many thanks in advance!
 
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