Pragmatism Morphed into a Reasoning System

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Philosophical discussions often rely on reasoning systems that vary in structure and commitment to beliefs. A proposed reasoning system based on pragmatism emphasizes that if something "works," it reflects the true nature of reality, advocating for a comprehensive evaluation of philosophical proposals. Key components of this system include accuracy of information, adherence to logic, and integrity, with advanced elements focusing on comprehensiveness and depth of understanding. The discussion also highlights the importance of evaluating philosophical ideas by their effectiveness, akin to scientific inquiry, while acknowledging that philosophy is inherently more speculative. Ultimately, the aim is to establish a new standard for philosophical discourse that is informed by evidence and practical outcomes.
  • #51
Originally posted by Tom
OK, but I am noting that you aren't offering a proof of this.
Like I said, the premise is universally-experienced. The proof resides within the direct-experience and universality of it. I have nothing to prove, any more than you need to prove to yourself that you exist.
OK, I agree that this cannot be proven with deductive logic alone. That leaves us stuck with solipsism, without making an inductive leap, namely the leap to "other minds".
This is another aspect of my philosophy which you don't understand. I do not advocate that there are "other minds". I advocate that there is One Mind ~lost~ in countless relative-perceptions of existence, and unbounded by timely-constraint.
Lg:- "Hence, the truth value of any given premise, is in the absoluteness of that premise. I.e., there is no reasonable basis upon which to refute the premise - since it is pointless to reason against the absoluteness of experience, when the absoluteness of experience is the foundation of known-existence."

This is where you hit a brick wall. This is nothing more than the argument from ignorance that you are so fond of. It says, "X has never been proven/disproven, therefore X is false/true."
Actually, known-existence is dependent upon the self-awareness (through self-sensation) of existence + the ability to comprehend what is being sensed. It is rationally-impossible to disprove the aforementioned premise and the premise is a necessity for having knowledge of existence. It's as timeless a premise as you're ever likely to see.
This does not qualify as a deductive decision procedure for establishing the truth of a premise.
I cannot agree, since you have given me no reason to agree - in relation to my prior post.
 
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  • #52
Originally posted by Lifegazer
This is another aspect of my philosophy which you don't understand. I do not advocate that there are "other minds". I advocate that there is One Mind ~lost~ in countless relative-perceptions of existence, and unbounded by timely-constraint.

No, I understand it. I just understand that it is nonsense. You do not really know of any mind beyond your own. Whether you choose to make an inductive leap to "other minds" or "One Mind", you make a leap all the same.

edit--Correction: In making the leap to "other minds", you make an inductive generalization based on observed behavior of other bodies. In making the leap to "One Mind", there is no induction because there is no evidence. It is truly pure faith.

Actually, known-existence is dependent upon the self-awareness (through self-sensation) of existence + the ability to comprehend what is being sensed. It is rationally-impossible to disprove the aforementioned premise and the premise is a necessity for having knowledge of existence. It's as timeless a premise as you're ever likely to see.

The only "absolute" I'm willing to give you here is the subjective proof I have that my own mind exists. One cannot prove with pure logic that anything other than the self exists. Observations have to be made, and inductive generalizations have to be made from them. Yes, I know for certain that I am thinking, but that cannot be used to logically derive any truth about objective reality.

At least, I have not been presented with any deductive decision procedure that allows me to do that objectively. That's what you're supposed to be providing here.

You seem to be saying here that "any given premise" about reality can be determined true or false simply on the basis of the absoluteness of existence. I imagine that you are led to this mistake by a prior mistake, namely by your irrational assumption that human minds are equipped with absolute knowledge of the workings of nature, which is patently false.


I cannot agree, since you have given me no reason to agree - in relation to my prior post.

It really is quite irrelevant that you disagree. Deductive logic is not a matter of opinion. It is as rigorous and well-defined as mathematics. That is why I asked you to follow a systematic style like in my Logic Notes (or any logic textbook), because that is what is called for here.

The fact is, your decision procedure boils down to argument from ignorance, which is not valid. Valid argument schema used with true premises always lead to true conclusions. The schema for the variant of the argument from ignorance that you are using is, as I said many times before:

X has never been disproven, therefore X is true.

Let's examine the validity of this schema.

Argument 1:
It has never been disproven that the core of Pluto is solid gold, therefore the core of Pluto is solid gold.

Argument 2:
It has never been disproven that the core of Pluto is solid silver, therefore the core of Pluto is solid silver.

Conclusions 1 and 2 are mutually exclusive, so they cannot both be true--but the premises of both arguments are true!. Therefore, the argument schema itself is invalid[/color].

So, it is not enough to say that a statement is true if there is no disproof of it, and I repeat: What you presented does not qualify as a deductive decision procedure for assigning truth values to premises.
 
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  • #53
Originally posted by FZ+
But you see, the subjectivity inevitable come in when you define your "sufficiently". How well does a theory has to work? How well does a theory in development has to work? IMHO, and that is very humble, sufficient in science means better than other theories. If we have another scientific theory (Defined by Popper as one which is falsifiable), then chemogenesis would be compared to it and may well fail. But as of now, it's the best we have got. Back in the 18th century, should we have dumped Newton, because Relativity may replace it?

That was a pretty good post FZ (even if it's wrong ) which I, the only person more humble than you, am about to demonstrate.

First, what Fliption said is my main objection. When I see a TV special on evolution begin with the phrase "life most likely began in the chemical soup of Earth's early ocean when the right chemical/physical conditions spontaneously self-organized themselves into the first living system" . . . THAT is where I have a problem. It is the "most likely" which is not justified by the evidence.

Just because you claim it is the best evidence you have doesn't mean you can ignore a critical flaw in a theory; and I don't think it is even accurate to say it’s the best theory, but rather it is the best theory materialists have. In my (humble) opinion it is every bit as hole-ly as creationism in this respect.

Chemogenesis is based on an a priori assumption that existence is material -- that is what makes someone say the only possible explanation for the life phenomenon must be material. If one doesn't proceed on that assumption, I say one would be more conservative in suggesting chemogenesis than most materialists are.


Originally posted by FZ+
Second objection to system follows: contravenes classic law of debate the argument, not the arguer. If you make the presumption of the other's "corruption", you lay yourself open to big bias, and blind yourself to rational discussion. I raised God, because I thought it was the only open alternative. But if it was anything else, it still falls to the same problems - it isn't testable, and hence is not scientific, and hence cannot be shown one way or the other. Of course, if you have one that is, don't hide it from me! As yet, ironically enough, chemogenesis is the only scientific theory, because it is the only one we can prove FALSE. It's the only path we can make progress on, even if it is proving it false.

My observation isn’t an ad hominem argument, it is derived from analyzing the evidence supporting the chemogenesis hypothesis and then observing how much scientism advocates express confidence in it. What other reason would explain their exaggerated certainty if not from already assuming only a material explanation is possible for the origin of life?

By the way, you don’t know whether you can prove chemogenesis false yet. If it can never be demonstrated, there is still is the possibility the right combination of conditions that causes it just have never been recreated. As of now, it is a theory that is not very testable because no one is making real progress on it. There’s been nothing very significant since the decades-old Urey and Miller demonstration, and even then all that did was show that the potential for life’s chemistry is present on Earth.

You say, “For the time being, the fact it still remain the only theory we can solve, that we can check for problems . . . [and that] makes it one to have confidence in.” Well, you haven’t shown it can be solved, and the biggest problem of all with it scientism proponents seem in denial about, so I cannot see a realistic basis for your confidence.

Originally posted by FZ+
. . . the fact the real environment changes! Creativity emerges out of unexpected factors! If we left life in a static environment, free from influences, then it too stagnates. Remove the physical prompts to change, the entrance of mutations etc, and what do we have? A highly repetitive series of binary fissions, resulting in bacteria... and more bacteria... and more bacteria... Early life was very boring . . . How can we get development? How do we get these systems? This is because of the direct input of originality from the environment and from physicality - this is what they forget. Life isn't creative - it feeds on the creativity, the potential wells of the world around it. Is that glaringly obvious?

You've avoided addressing the real flaw in the chemogenesis theory with the sort of argument chemogenesis proponents use all the time. The argument is one where you move on into life processes, show how extensively life is embedded in materiality, and then conclude it is strong evidence that life is materially generated.

I do not dispute the role of the environment in shaping life forms' character. But that molding by natural selection is taking place on something, something even as simple as prokaryote life, which has a potential far different from ordinary matter.

Then you pointed to the ability of matter to self-organize saying, “. . . chemical crystal self-organization are certainly not alive . . . a certain chemical reaction that does generate rhythmic pulses of colour etc etc . . . the book is called spontaneous order, because it does so by itself.”

I’ve agreed matter can self-organize, but we both know it can only do it for a few steps. If you think crystal self-organization is a proper example, and it is the environment that transforms the few steps of normal self-organizing matter into perpetual system-building matter, then let’s put a bunch of crystals in any environment you choose, change it anyway you like, and let’s see if you get those crystals to move past repetitive change and start evolving.

In other words, show the minimum necessary to indicate an evolutive change principle present in the potentials of matter. If you can’t even establish how something so basic "works," then how can reason convince you to be confident in chemogenesis?
 
  • #54
Originally posted by Lifegazer
LWS is not practising what he is preaching. He believes that reason cannot be confirmed without sensationed-verification. In that case, we need to abolish mathematics, for starters.

I don't think that is a fair assessment of me, although I am pretty sure why you think so, and I don’t think you know what I am preaching yet.

Anyway, your mathematics example is a good one since that actually is something which you can verify is true without requiring observation. That’s because mathematics, like logic, is proven by rules internal to the system. So when you are done with doing math, you can test it by its own rules.

The problem for knowing arises when you want apply a system of proof for something which lies outside yourself. In your mind you can imagine, calculate, predict and apply perfect logic while you reason about it, but how do you know if you are reasoning with the correct information? The “rules” of the thing you are investigating are internal to it, not you, so while you can be certain of the rules of reason (since they are internal to you), you cannot be certain of the rules of the “thing.”

Hence we add experience to the formula, and what do we get? We get an avenue for the rules of the “thing” to enter into our own internal system. Now reason can really do its thing with an external. How do we know we can trust this approach? Answering that question is what I’ve suggested as a standard for philosophical discussion, which is we see if a proposed idea “works” in some way. When it comes to experience plus reason, we can see in empiricism at least it has worked very well indeed. What that tells us is that experience plus reason matches with reality in some respect precisely because it does work.

I also am going to take a bit of an inferential leap from this idea and say that the incredible qualitative change that took place once experience was added to reasoning suggests the role of experience in knowing may be absolute, and that includes subjects like God or the Mind. That is, if one hasn’t experienced them, then one knows nothing about them (one could, of course, become an expert on what others who claim experience have to say, but that isn’t personally knowing the subject itself).

I said to you awhile back that this is where you need to “get up to speed.” I said that because the system of reason you advocate was practiced for many centuries, and most of that intellectualizing is now rotting in a big heap of uselessness. It’s not that maybe some of it wasn’t on target; it’s just that without any way to test ideas, the speculation is endless! And lots of it really was crap too. But if you have to show your idea’s efficacy for it to be considered, then you can weed out all the garbage and get down to thinking about ideas with promise.

And then, I still say, for true seekers of knowledge, thinking is just to help one figure out where to look for experience. So, for instance, if you are interested in genuinely knowing the Mind rather than just thinking about it, you will find a way to have a direct experience.
 
  • #55
For a thread supposidly devoted to pragmatism this is getting about as abstruse as they come. Ya'll are so busy debating Chemogenesis pragmatism seems about as distant as it can get. Why not debate how many angels can dance on the head of a pin and then talk about how this is related to pragmatism. I think you might have a better chance or reconciling your differences. Just a thought. :0)
 
  • #56
Originally posted by wuliheron
For a thread supposidly devoted to pragmatism this is getting about as abstruse as they come. Ya'll are so busy debating Chemogenesis pragmatism seems about as distant as it can get. Why not debate how many angels can dance on the head of a pin and then talk about how this is related to pragmatism. I think you might have a better chance or reconciling your differences. Just a thought. :0)

It may not be apparent, but the subject of chemogenesis is related to this thread because I claim it is an example of something that violates the pragmatic reasoning standard. Personally I find too much theorizing without discussing real-life examples to be too mental, so I am okay with a thread wandering a bit as long as things don't get too far off topic. However, I have decided to start another thread to focus on evolution.
 
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  • #57
Originally posted by FZ+
I agree, but the problem is you can't really quantify things like that. The question "What percentage of everything do we know?" is nonsensical, because we happen not to know how much there really is to know - or whether there is an infinite amount to be known. You see, since we don't have the knowledge, we can't really always point out where the lack of knowledge lies - just that it is in there "somewhere"...

I agree. But I thnink this is exactly why we need a process like what LWSleeth is describing. Any method you choose will be subjective but some standard is better than none.
 
  • #58
Continued in Chemogenesis thread in Other Sciences.
 
  • #59
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
Anyway, your mathematics example is a good one since that actually is something which you can verify is true without requiring observation.
Exactly.
That’s because mathematics, like logic, is proven by rules internal to the system.
But what does this mean? Does it imply that the system is 'subjective'? Of course not. The mathematics system is rationally-sound. And reason is not founded upon a set of systems. Rather, reason is the foundation for the definition of systems. Reason precedes all reasoning. Reason defines herself.
I'm really struggling to see the point of making such a remark. Does it seek to nullify the absoluteness of reason? How ironic, when reason swings between absolute-concepts and relative-definitions.
So when you are done with doing math, you can test it by its own rules.
Reason knows what she's doing. If this wasn't so, then math would not make sense; and physics would be a waste of time. There is an absoluteness about reason, which is the foundation of all philosophy. The kind of absoluteness-ness which created math itself.
... Okay, people often disagree about lots of issues. But this isn't a proof that reason is not absolute in herself. It's just a proof that we regularly abuse reason in the construction of an argument. I.e., it is the effects of reason which have been relative, rather than the cause - reason herself.
The problem for knowing arises when you want apply a system of proof for something which lies outside yourself. In your mind you can imagine, calculate, predict and apply perfect logic while you reason about it, but how do you know if you are reasoning with the correct information?
Scientific-Law is an accurate depiction of our perceptions. Mathematics is a sound-system of numerical linguistics. And reason is absolute in herself.
Like I said in an earlier post: You can trust all knowledge which is universal. Clearly, the ~knowledge~ that there is an external-reality is challengeable. Thus... untrustworthy. But you will have a hard time challenging my hypothesis with reason. Which means that you cannot challenge my reason for the hypothesis. Which means that my reason is universal. LOL

It is clear to me that we are at loggerheads on only a few significant points. I doubt that either of us will ever exchange positions. But the convo is good. Cheers.
 
  • #60


Originally posted by Lifegazer
True logic cannot take you to a materialistic-position. We both know that a "leap-of-faith" is required to state that there is an existence beyond sensation. As such, logic cannot advocate any such stance. And I did in fact produce an argument to challenge the notion of external-reality. Reason can challenge any concept.

It takes blind-faith to believe in all of the above. For reason simply cannot accept such concepts as being true. Upon what possible basis could it? But this is the philosophy forum Tom. Not the religion forum.

Let us use some logic then, while I sit on a chair in front of my PC. I percieve of a chair, it's the one I am sitting on. I can feel the metal and non-metal parts, and see it, hear it (when "rolling" the chair), etc.
We been there many times, and all you had to say is that we only know about the chair because of the "impressions" our senses give us to our minds. But now let me ask a very ordinary question. Where do I sit on? Well ordinary people, using ordinary logic, tell they sit on a chair.
They don't sit on an "impression" of the chair, they don't sit on something that does not exist outside of their own mind, they sit on something that is truly indendend of their mind, and really existing.

Now, all those people who claim to sit on a chair, and claim, using their full capacity of logic and reason, that there really is a chair, apart from their internal representations of such a chair, of which they are of course aware, all those people in the mind of LG are either liars, or are unreasonable, because they "assume" something, that isn't really there, or can't be proven.

But this is just the start of the doctrine of which we all know where it ends. It ends in us having to believe that apart from any observation or experiment whatsoever, there exists a "supermind", and we have to accept this articial construct of thought for real, or we are all called philosophical charlatans. If not worse!
 
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  • #61


"The chair" does exist - within your sensations.
"The chair" is truly sensed.
But who here can show that beyond sensation, such a chair exists?
 
  • #62


Originally posted by Lifegazer
"The chair" does exist - within your sensations.
"The chair" is truly sensed.
But who here can show that beyond sensation, such a chair exists?
take a balance, measure it's weight and REPEAT that operation.
take a meter, measure it's height and REPEAT that operation.
take an image with a scanning device and REPEAT that operation.
hit him on your head, see if your body has damage, REPEAT that operation several times and ... REPAIR that chair
 
  • #63


Originally posted by pelastration
take a balance, measure it's weight and REPEAT that operation.
take a meter, measure it's height and REPEAT that operation.
take an image with a scanning device and REPEAT that operation.
hit him on your head, see if your body has damage, REPEAT that operation several times and ... REPAIR that chair

Especially the forlast operation must be repeated several times.
It does a human being good, it increases the logic capacities...

When I was a small child, I would not believe that a fire was really hot. Well I must have been stubborn about that, and did not take anyone's advice NOT to stick one's hand in there. But I LEARNT that a fire was hot!
 
  • #64
You guys need to eat more fish. Everything you just said was a part of sensation. I asked you to show me how the chair exists beyond sensation, remember?
 
  • #65
Originally posted by Lifegazer
But what does this mean? Does it imply that the system is 'subjective'? Of course not. The mathematics system is rationally-sound. And reason is not founded upon a set of systems. Rather, reason is the foundation for the definition of systems. Reason precedes all reasoning. Reason defines herself. . . . Reason knows what she's doing. If this wasn't so, then math would not make sense; and physics would be a waste of time. There is an absoluteness about reason, which is the foundation of all philosophy.

I don't think you realize it but you actually are forwarding an argument in favor of there being an external reality on the one hand, while simutaneously casting doubt on reason.

When you say there is an "absoluteness about reason, " do you know why that is so? There is only one little, tiny change that reality would have to make and reason would no long work, and that would be if the universe were to suddenly lose all its order.

Reason "works" because there is order it can follow. That order is found in the laws of physics, in the structure of matter, in the rhythms of EM and all the cycles of nature that are in harmony with that. Your brain is constructed so it can be organized by the order of the physical world you are born into.

Now, every bit of that is external to you, the consciousness inside. That reasoning you perform with your mind is based on the ways we've figured out how things are organized, and can be organized. It is because we can unfailingly count on the order of matter and physcial law that we can also rely so unfailingly on (proper) reason.

Thus when you say, "Clearly, the ~knowledge~ that there is an external-reality is challengeable. Thus... untrustworthy," you are giving a rationale for doubting the very reason you've just said is so trustworthy.
 
  • #66
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
Thus when you say, "Clearly, the ~knowledge~ that there is an external-reality is challengeable. Thus... untrustworthy," you are giving a rationale for doubting the very reason you've just said is so trustworthy.

That's not all; he also contradicts his own position that there is a god. The only knowledge he or anyone else has about minds is that knowledge pertaining to one's own mind. If one wishes to maintain the position that there is nothing external to that, then one cannot convincingly argue for a 'super mind'.
 
  • #67
Originally posted by Lifegazer
You guys need to eat more fish. Everything you just said was a part of sensation. I asked you to show me how the chair exists beyond sensation, remember?
Main Entry: sen·sa·tion
Pronunciation: sen-'sA-sh&n, s&n-
Function: noun
Etymology: Medieval Latin sensation-, sensatio, from Late Latin, understanding, idea, from Latin sensus
Date: 1615
1 a : a mental process (as seeing, hearing, or smelling) due to immediate bodily stimulation often as distinguished from awareness of the process -- compare PERCEPTION b : awareness (as of heat or pain) due to stimulation of a sense organ c : a state of consciousness of a kind usually due to physical objects or internal bodily changes <a burning sensation in his chest> d : an indefinite bodily feeling <a sensation of buoyancy>
2 : something (as a physical object, sense-datum, pain, or afterimage) that causes or is the object of sensation
3 a : a state of excited interest or feeling <their elopement caused a sensation> b : a cause of such excitement <the show was the musical sensation of the season>; especially : one (as a person) in some respect exceptional or outstanding <the rookie hitting sensation of the American League>

----
Sensations are subjective.

It depends of the relation between impulse/stimulus, how action creates reaction in our brains (quality and quantity of synapses, neurotransmitters, microtubules, cell structure, ... depending from our DNA , RNA, etc. ... and other states: damage, exogenous influences like alcohol, drugs, food, ... ).

Since my DNA is absolutely different from your - which gives me a profound sensational satisfaction - as you stated that : my bigger eyes (which are larger than my mind) will capture probably more light than yours. So I will be able to capture some extra IR-lightwaves like a cat in the night. That will give me a picture where you will only be able to see some light spots. Since you are although directly in contact with THE MIND you will have a much larger overhaul sensational perception and consciousness than all members of PF together.

Now because of all those different sensational impressions and interpretations by different subjects some simple people like myself - which regret not to be as privileged as are you are in being in direct contact with THE MIND - prefer to MEASURE in a REPEATABLE framework, based on CONVENTIONS. One of the main goals is to organize these measurement systems is to exclude the possibilities that personal sensations may influence the results. We call that OBJECTIVITY, facts confirmed by repeated measuring ... independent from the observer.

This humble approach tries to reduce all possible conflicts of interpretation on observed events. The main target is to exchange RESULTS and make CONCLUSIONS / THEORIES, and possible PREDICTIONS and conditional statements.

Simple people need that ... but people like you - Enlightened Representative of THE MIND - don't need such a time consuming way of exploration the various aspects of reality since everything is already set, done and clear to you. For that reason you avoid to speak in all your numerous threads about repeatable measurements, because that's the key.
 
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  • #68
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
I don't think you realize it but you actually are forwarding an argument in favor of there being an external reality on the one hand, while simutaneously casting doubt on reason.
Incorrect. I have said that the sensations are real. Therefore, we do sense what appears to be an external-reality. But that appearance is completely generated by looking within ones own awareness. Hence, the question of whether this 'appearance' is in reflection of a true external-reality - which resides beyond these sensations - is completely legitimate. For if we are only looking within ourselves, then how can we know that what resides within ourselves, also resides without?
We see; taste; touch; smell; and hear the universe. And then we apply reason to these sensations. And reason notices the order inherent within these sensations. And then, because our sensations are ordered, reason is able to define different aspects ('things') within our singular-awareness - thus fragmenting awareness. Awareness is stretched and fragmented so that it can perceive of "the universe". Then reason formulates 'knowledge', via recognition of order. So 'knowledge' is actually a reflection of sensation - not an external reality.
Everything you experience, is within your own awareness. And everything you know, is a reflection of reason, upon sensation.
I can only know of my own awareness, and the knowledge which I have gleaned from It. And that's all you can do, too.
It's all self-knowledge. Since the knowledge is a reflection of an inner-existence.
When you say there is an "absoluteness about reason, " do you know why that is so? There is only one little, tiny change that reality would have to make and reason would no long work, and that would be if the universe were to suddenly lose all its order.
Reason "works" because there is order it can follow.
Exactly. Reason is the understanding of order.
That order is found in the laws of physics, in the structure of matter, in the rhythms of EM and all the cycles of nature that are in harmony with that.
The order of the universe is not a reflection of total reason. Reason extends way beyond the universe. From nothing to infinity. From time to eternity. From God to matter. From fragmentation to singularity. From order to chaos. Reason knows more than the sensed-order we perceive of. It conceives of things which clearly cannot exist in a 4-dimensional reality comprised of tangible-things.
 
  • #69
LG, I don't have time to answer your post right now, maybe later this evening, but I want to ask you not to respond angrily to Pelatration. Let's keep this thread on track and civil (I admit I contributed to sending sideways with my pet peeve).

If you want to debate the Mind hypothesis, see if you can put in terms of the pragmatic reasoning process I suggested. In what way can you show it "works" as a hypothesis, and those of us who disagree with it will try to show why it doesn't work.
 
  • #70
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
LG, I don't have time to answer your post right now, maybe later this evening, but I want to ask you not to respond angrily to Pelatration. Let's keep this thread on track and civil (I admit I contributed to sending sideways with my pet peeve).
Don't worry. I'm a changed man. LOL
If you want to debate the Mind hypothesis, see if you can put in terms of the pragmatic reasoning process I suggested. In what way can you show it "works" as a hypothesis, and those of us who disagree with it will try to show why it doesn't work.
I can no longer do this. My philosophy about God is to be automatically transferred into the religion forum. Haven't you heard?
My number is up, apparently. So much for "pragmatism", eh?
 
  • #71
Greetings !
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
If you want to debate the Mind hypothesis,
see if you can put in terms of the
pragmatic reasoning process I suggested.
In what way can you show it "works" as a
hypothesis, and those of us who disagree
with it will try to show why it doesn't work.
Actually, LG's Mind hypothesys ain't bad
at all when compared to many other
philosophical perspectives in terms of its
apparent likeliness. Basicly, instead
of imposing any assumptions about existence
the Mind hypothesys seems to me to be about
"direct contact" with the PoE.

There are two fundumental problems I see
in it, however. First, it lacks the recognition
of probabilities, thus we are forced to
accept another "truth" (at least according to
the way LG presents it). Second, it appears
that we can observe certain patterns (which
we call physical laws). Since we are able to
observe certain patterns it would seem that
a more usefull and likely perspective is to
explore these and build a certain likely system
(science) to deal with and make use of them.
This is not a part of the Mind hypothesys as
I understood it and hence that approach is less
likely because it doesn't appear to recognize
and deal with these patterns.

BTW LW Sleeth, I didn't read this thread so
I'm not certain exactly what it's about, but
at the beginning of your original message you
appear to offer us to use certain basic
approaches to philosophy subjects in this forum.
I personally disagree with this. Philosophy is
about maximum openness of thought, isn't it ?
Hence, how can you limmit it ?

Live long and prosper.
 
  • #72
Originally posted by drag
I didn't read this thread so
I'm not certain exactly what it's about, but
at the beginning of your original message you
appear to offer us to use certain basic
approaches to philosophy subjects in this forum.
I personally disagree with this. Philosophy is
about maximum openness of thought, isn't it ?
Hence, how can you limmit it ?

I didn't mean a rule should be enforced or anything, but I was trying to suggest a standard for philosophizing at PF for people to consider. Personally I find philosophies that don't fit the facts, or which can't be shown to work in some way a waste of time. These days we have so much information at our disposal, there is no reason not to build theories pragmatically. In my opinion, it leads to a much stronger debate when you have actual examples of a theory working. It is also a good negating test for a theory.
 
  • #73
Originally posted by Lifegazer
You guys need to eat more fish. Everything you just said was a part of sensation. I asked you to show me how the chair exists beyond sensation, remember?

Well then we advise you to convince all those people that - using their full reasoning capacities - really think that things like chairs and so exist beyond their perception of it, have it wrong, use ill logic and malformed reasoning.
 
  • #74
Originally posted by Lifegazer
Incorrect. I have said that the sensations are real. Therefore, we do sense what appears to be an external-reality. But that appearance is completely generated by looking within ones own awareness. Hence, the question of whether this 'appearance' is in reflection of a true external-reality - which resides beyond these sensations - is completely legitimate. For if we are only looking within ourselves, then how can we know that what resides within ourselves, also resides without?

You suppose that all materialist are convinced there is a material reality which is reflected in their consciousness, just and only on basis of their own awareness of a material reality. Such is not the case as I have explained many times. Such is namely not materialism, but naive realism.
You argue only against naive realism, not against materialism as such.
We know that the sun is not a red flat disk, even when we perceive of the sun that way when it nears the horizon. The only way to correct our awarenesses of the material reality, is to use the tools of science, to enhance our picture of reality.
Idealism state that since our perceptorary organs deceive us, such a material reality (like the sun) does not at all exist. Materialist claim that there is a material reality, even when we don't get the correct awareness through our senses, and have to complete the picture using the tools of science. What we see then, comes closer to the truth.
 
  • #75
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
When Heusden advocates dialectical materialism, the first thing I want to do is ask for instances where it has worked (plus point to all the dismal failures with it). I personally don’t think dialectical materialism makes sense philosophically (knowing what I do about human psychology), but if we only discuss it theoretically a person can reason in circles forever. But ask someone to cite examples of it working, or even elements of it working, then that makes the discussion more realistic right away.

Well then go ahead and ask the question.
 
  • #76
Originally posted by heusdens
Well then go ahead and ask the question.

I did ask. If I were to put it in the framework of the pragmatic reasoning standard, then the question becomes: Demonstrate dialactical materialism "works" as a system to the degree that its enthusiasts preach it.
 
  • #77
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
In my opinion, it leads to a much stronger
debate when you have actual examples of a
theory working. It is also a good negating
test for a theory.
The concept of "proof" is not as absolute
and "pure" as you might think. It is the
result of concepts like time and causality
that we appear to observe. And these concepts
in turn appear to have no explanation.

Question everything... :wink:
 
  • #78
Originally posted by Lifegazer
Incorrect. I have said that the sensations are real. Therefore, we do sense what appears to be an external-reality. But that appearance is completely generated by looking within ones own awareness. Hence, the question of whether this 'appearance' is in reflection of a true external-reality - which resides beyond these sensations - is completely legitimate. For if we are only looking within ourselves, then how can we know that what resides within ourselves, also resides without?
We see; taste; touch; smell; and hear the universe. And then we apply reason to these sensations. And reason notices the order inherent within these sensations. And then, because our sensations are ordered, reason is able to define different aspects ('things') within our singular-awareness - thus fragmenting awareness. Awareness is stretched and fragmented so that it can perceive of "the universe". Then reason formulates 'knowledge', via recognition of order. So 'knowledge' is actually a reflection of sensation - not an external reality.
Everything you experience, is within your own awareness. And everything you know, is a reflection of reason, upon sensation.
I can only know of my own awareness, and the knowledge which I have gleaned from It. And that's all you can do, too.
It's all self-knowledge. Since the knowledge is a reflection of an inner-existence.

Okay, I don't have a problem with most of that. Personally I don't have to reflect with reason to know some things. I can simply look, feel, smell etc. and know things without having to think about them. You yourself admit that sensation precedes reason, so I say it is the experience of life that teaches us the most, and interpretations that give us ways to think about it.

To put your idea in the pragmatic framework, I wonder what purpose is served by questioning if your sensations actually reflect what's out there. Even if they don't, so what? Whatever sensation is of, the system of human existence works through it just fine. It appears there is an external reality, and it u]appears[/u] we can manipulate it to our benefit. It also u]appears[/u] that it can smash us like bugs. So how would your theory "work" in the sense of producing anything useful to my life or understanding?

Originally posted by Lifegazer
The order of the universe is not a reflection of total reason. Reason extends way beyond the universe. From nothing to infinity. From time to eternity. From God to matter. From fragmentation to singularity. From order to chaos. Reason knows more than the sensed-order we perceive of. It conceives of things which clearly cannot exist in a 4-dimensional reality comprised of tangible-things. [/B]

This is where we really disagree. What you seem to say is because we can reason it, that makes it real! It is true you can think about a great variety of things, but in the end all you have is another idea. Say you reason your way to the perfect conception of God. Do you now know God? Of do you know your conception of God? Reason only yields mental images, mental representations of reality; they are not reality except in the sense they are "real" thoughts.

As I've said before, the most perfect understanding of love is not the experience of love. In fact, one doesn't have to understand love at all to experience it. The most perfect understanding of what deep appreciation of a sunset means, does not come close to the richness of that experience. If you believe reality is mentality, then no wonder you also believe all is Mind.
 
  • #79
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
I did ask. If I were to put it in the framework of the pragmatic reasoning standard, then the question becomes: Demonstrate dialactical materialism "works" as a system to the degree that its enthusiasts preach it.

Here is something I don't quite understand. In what sense is it possible for a philosophy to 'work'? I know what it means with science: success in predicting the results of experiments.

What does it mean for philosophy? With what is the philosophy to be compared?
 
  • #80
Originally posted by drag
The concept of "proof" is not as absolute
and "pure" as you might think. It is the
result of concepts like time and causality
that we appear to observe. And these concepts
in turn appear to have no explanation.

Question everything... :wink:

I agree with that, completely, but I wasn't referring to "proof." What I suggested was that in terms of philosophizing, if one can link it to the best evidence (and allow one's reason to be restricted where there is little evidence), that should help bring all the grand ideas and theories down to Earth.
 
  • #81
Originally posted by LW Sleeth
I agree with that, completely, but I wasn't
referring to "proof." What I suggested was
that in terms of philosophizing, if one can
link it to the best evidence (and allow one's
reason to be restricted where there is little
evidence), that should help bring all the
grand ideas and theories down to Earth.
Indeed, but what I said is that even the
system of reasoning through evidence does
not necessarily include all reasoning
possibilities and this is an example of the
limmit I was talking about that you
appear to me to impose when you ask
for some/any characteristic to be present
in one's philosophical arguments.

Of course, without evidence it would appear
to many of us there is no other way to
reason and construct an argument, but
can we prove it ? Probably not.
Hence, we probably DO need to hear opinions
without evidence too, if not for the above
reason of "openness" then due to the
reality of the situation - many people
do hold opinions with no evidence.

That of course does not mean that we shouldn't
strive to include evidence as for the moment
this is the likely state of things in the
Universe for us.

Live long and prosper.
 
  • #82
Originally posted by Tom
Here is something I don't quite understand. In what sense is it possible for a philosophy to 'work'? I know what it means with science: success in predicting the results of experiments.

What does it mean for philosophy? With what is the philosophy to be compared?

I mean, demostrate its applicability, or why we should expect it to be effective when the philosophy is applied. If as a whole it has never been applied, then look for components of it that have been applied with positive results (even looking for applicability in itself is a pragamtic principle).

I remember when I got out of college, a bunch of us who'd been in philosophy classes together met to have a philosophical discussion. A few guys were sitting around smoking pipes having deep thoughts. I kept listening for how I could use any of it in my life, but it never led anywhere except to more deep thoughts. [zz)]

I started thinking how it seemed every improvement for humanity that has stemmed from reason, has been when people thought towards achieving something useful, whether it is externally useful or internally useful. Later when I read the pragmatists, I realized that reality reveals itself when something works, and that should mean reason oriented in that direction will be more fruitful.

So when I suggest that philosophy might benefit from reasoning with an eye towards applicability, it is because I suspect one stays closer to the truth that way.
 
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  • #83
But, LW Sleeth isn't the above example about
psychology ? :wink:
 
  • #84
Originally posted by drag
But, LW Sleeth isn't the above example about
psychology ? :wink:

Well, it may not be the purest example, but all I am trying to say is that if you are committed to building a philosophy by staying as close as possible to applying it or working with it somehow, or by relying on evidence or processes which are known to work, that tends to cut out dead-end speculation faster than when the philosophizing rule is, "anything goes."

I mean, it might be that your effort is to create a TOE, which is bound to be plenty speculative. But as an inferential exercise or model, then it would strive to account for as many facts as possible. If you have seen how I philosophize about God, I try to point to instances of reported experience, and not to religious speculation (i.e., because I assume experience is where the best evidence is). If a person wants to philosophize about human fullfillment, they could start by discussing examples of it and looking for what they have in common.

I think this sort of philosophizing is so much stronger than reasoning from a priori assumptions, and so much more possible today than it ever was in the old days of philosophizing when they had much less information at their disposal.
 
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  • #85
Originally posted by Tom
Here is something I don't quite understand. In what sense is it possible for a philosophy to 'work'? I know what it means with science: success in predicting the results of experiments.

What does it mean for philosophy? With what is the philosophy to be compared?

A philosophy is not directly 'testable' at least not in the same way as a scientific theory.
It can be argued however that the Philosophical point of view is not entirely arbitrary, but rather is determined by the usefullness for the actual world.
Like materialistic philosophy has been proven usefull in most departments of science, and which is the reason science itself is built up from materialist assumptions. Maybe not all of science, but most of it. It has proved to be a valuable point of view.
 

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