Problems with Critical Damping and Underdamping

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the concepts of critical damping and underdamping in harmonic oscillators, specifically in the context of an automobile suspension system. The equations provided include the critically damped system's displacement function, x(t) = A e^(-γt) + B e^(-γt), where γ = (2c)/m, and the underdamped system's function, x(t) = A0 e^(-γt) cos(ω't + θ0). The user expresses confusion regarding the application of these equations to solve specific problems related to displacement at t = 1s and the ratio of successive maxima in an underdamped oscillator.

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  • Understanding of harmonic motion and oscillation principles
  • Familiarity with damping types: critical damping and underdamping
  • Knowledge of the equations governing damped harmonic oscillators
  • Basic skills in solving differential equations related to mechanical systems
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  • Study the derivation of the critically damped oscillator equation and its applications
  • Learn about the characteristics and behavior of underdamped systems in oscillatory motion
  • Explore the concept of damping ratio and its significance in mechanical systems
  • Investigate the mathematical approach to finding maxima in oscillatory functions
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Students of physics, mechanical engineers, and anyone interested in the dynamics of oscillatory systems and damping effects.

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Homework Statement


The concept of damping is new to me and the problems I have seen have had different known values than I see in the equations I have. Here's two I am working on.

1) An automobile suspension is critically damped, and its period of free oscillation with no
damping is 1s. If the system is initially displaced to a distance x0 and released from rest, find the displacement at t = 1 s.

2) Show that the ratio of two successive maxima in the displacement of an underdamped
harmonic oscillator is constant.


Homework Equations



Critical: x(t) = A e^ (-γ t ) + B e^ (-γ t) where A and B are constants and γ= (2c)/m

Underdamping: x(t) = A0 e ^ (-γt) cos (ω't + θ0)

I honestly don't know if these are the equations I need to find the answers.


The Attempt at a Solution



1. γ=ω0
= ω0 = √k/m
I found this Using the equation for the frequency of a spring (without damping)
∴ γ = 2π
If I plug this into the equation I have, I am still left with those constants... so I must have the wrong approach.

2. I can't think of where to begin on this one... it seems like the variables wouldn't be constant if I set up a ratio like x2/x1
 
Physics news on Phys.org
1. The equation you have for the solution of a critically damped system in incorrect. What is the correct equation?

2. Just do it: set up the ratio for two successive maxima and see where that gets you.
 

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