Proof of the commutator ## [P^2,P_\mu]=0 ##

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SUMMARY

The proof of the commutator relation ## [P^2, P_\mu] = 0 ## is established through the properties of the momentum operator ## P^2 = P_\nu P^\nu = P^\nu P_\nu ##. The calculation shows that ## [P^2, P_\mu] = P^\nu [P_\nu, P_\mu] + [P^\nu, P_\mu] P_\nu = [P^\nu, P_\mu] P_\nu = g^{\nu\alpha} [P_\alpha, P_\mu] P_\nu = 0 ##, confirming that the terms commute. The use of the metric tensor ## g^{\nu\alpha} ## allows for the simplification of the commutator, leading to the conclusion that ## P^\nu ## and ## P_\mu ## commute. This proof is validated by the general rule that if an operator commutes with two others, it commutes with their product.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics and operator algebra
  • Familiarity with the momentum operator and its properties
  • Knowledge of commutation relations in quantum theory
  • Basic understanding of tensor notation and the metric tensor ## g^{\nu\alpha} ##
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RicardoMP
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Homework Statement
I want to prove that the Casimir operator of the Poincaré algebra ## P^2 ## satisfies ## [P^2,P_\mu]=0 ##.
Relevant Equations
The most relevant equation is ## [P_\mu,P_\nu]=0##.
I want to make certain that my proof is correct:
Since ## P^2 = P_\nu P^\nu=P^\nu P_\nu ##, then ## [P^2,P_\mu]=[P^\nu P_\nu,P_\mu]=P^\nu[P_\nu,P_\mu]+[P^\nu,P_\mu]P_\nu=[P^\nu,P_\mu]P_\nu=g^{\nu\alpha}[P_\alpha,P_\mu]P_\nu=0 ##, since ## g^{\nu\alpha} ## is just a number, I can bring it out of the commutator, thus giving me the desired result. Is this last step correct?
 
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It looks good to me. You could also simply expand ##P^{\nu} = g^{\nu \alpha}P_{\alpha}## to see that ##P^{\nu}## and ##P_{\mu}## commute. And, in general, if ##A## commutes with ##B## and ##C## then ##A## commutes with ##BC##.
 
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