Proof that Bessel functions tend to zero when x approaches infinity

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SUMMARY

Bessel functions of any order p tend to zero as x approaches infinity, formally expressed as lim_{x→∞} J_p(x) = 0. The series representation of Bessel functions, J_p(x) = ∑_{n=0}^{∞} (−1)^n / (Γ(n+1)Γ(n+1+p))(x/2)^{2n+p}, does not provide an intuitive proof for this limit. Instead, the integral representation J_n(x) = (1/π) ∫_0^π cos(nλ - x sin(λ)) dλ may offer better insights. Additionally, analyzing Bessel's differential equation x²(d²y/dx²) + x(dy/dx) + (x² - p²)y = 0 is crucial for understanding the limiting behavior of Bessel functions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Bessel functions and their properties
  • Familiarity with the Gamma function and its applications
  • Knowledge of differential equations, specifically Bessel's differential equation
  • Basic calculus, including limits and integrals
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the integral representation of Bessel functions in detail
  • Learn about the asymptotic behavior of Bessel functions as x approaches infinity
  • Explore the derivation and solutions of Bessel's differential equation
  • Investigate the properties of the Gamma function and its role in Bessel function calculations
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physicists, and engineers working with wave phenomena, signal processing, or any applications involving Bessel functions and their limiting behaviors.

Monsterman222
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I am aware that Bessel functions of any order p are zero in the limit where x approaches infinity. From the formula of Bessel functions, I can't see why this is. The formula is:

J_p\left(x\right)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{\left(-1\right)^n}{\Gamma\left(n+1\right)\Gamma\left(n+1+p\right)}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^{2n+p}

Does anyone know a proof of why this is? That is, why is it that

\lim_{x\to\infty}J_p\left(x\right)=0
 
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I don't a have proof right now, but you may find the following integral identity more useful in understanding the limiting behavior than the infinity sum identity you've been considering.

J_n(x) = \frac{1}{\pi} \int_0^\pi \cos (n \lambda - x \sin \lambda) d\lambda
 
Have you considered the differential equation that the bessel functions solve?
 
Thanks for your help so far, but I'm still struggling with this one. From the representation of the Bessel function involving the integral, I still can't prove it.

Looking at Bessel's differential equation:
x^2 \frac{d^2 y}{dx^2} + x \frac{dy}{dx} + (x^2 - p^2)y = 0
we can take the limit of this as x tneds to infinity, substitute J_p\left(x\right) and divide by x^2, giving

\lim_{x\to\infty}J_{p}''\left(x\right)+\frac{J_{p}'\left(x\right)}{x} +\left(1-\frac{p^2}{x^2}\right)J_p\left(x\right)=0

But now, to finish the proof, I'd need to show that J_{p}''\left(x\right) goes to zero as x approaches infinity and that J_{p}'\left(x\right) is finite. I'm not sure this approach is helpful.
 

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