Proove that U is unitary (Cayley transform)

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving that the operator U defined as U:=(H-iI)(H+iI)^{-1} is unitary for any Hermitian operator H. The user initially attempts to show U is unitary by demonstrating that U=U^{T}, but later realizes that the correct condition for unitarity is UU^{*}=I. After correcting their approach, they successfully prove U is unitary. The second part of the discussion involves calculating the inverse function f^{-1} and showing that f^{-1}(U) is a Hermitian operator, which remains unresolved as the user struggles with the manipulation of U^{-1}.

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  • Understanding of Hermitian operators and their properties
  • Knowledge of unitary operators and the conditions for unitarity
  • Familiarity with the Cayley transform and its applications
  • Basic proficiency in complex analysis, particularly with functions mapping real numbers to the complex plane
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Mathematicians, physicists, and students studying quantum mechanics or linear algebra, particularly those interested in operator theory and the properties of unitary and Hermitian operators.

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Function f(t)=\frac{t-i}{t+i} for t\in \mathbb{R} maps real ax into complex circle. Show that for any hermitian operator H operator U:=(H-iI)(H+iI)^{-1} is unitary (where H+iI is reversible)

If I understand correctly U is unitary when U=U^{T} right?

So I tried to show that U is unitary like this (hopefully it is ok):
U=(H-iI)(H+iI)^{-1} because H hermitian than H^{*}=H
U=(H^{*}-iI)(H^{*}+iI)^{-1} but Identity does not change if I conjugate it and transpose it
U=(H^{*}-iI^{*})(H^{*}+iI^{*})^{-1}=((H-iI)^{-1}(H+iI))^{*}
U=((H+iI)^{-1}(H-iI))^{T} so U=U^{T}
Right or wrong?

Than I have to calculate the inverse function f^{-1}=(\zeta ))i\frac{1+\zeta }{1-\zeta } and show that f^{-1}(U) is hermitian operator for any unitary operator U, where I-U is reversible operator.

And here I have no idea how to start... :/
 
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Ok first part is clearly wrong.

For unitary operator this has to be true: UU^{*}=I or U=(U^{*})^{-1}. After realizing that I had no problem proving that U is unitary.

But I am still having problems with second part: If f^{-1} is hermitian, than f^{-1}(U)=(f^{-1}(U))^{*}
f^{-1}(U)=i\frac{I+U}{I-U}=i(I+U)(I-U^{-1}) but U is unitary, so UU^{*}=I
f^{-1}(U)=i(I+(U^{*})^{-1})(I-U^{*})=i(I+U^{-1})^{*}(I-U)^{*}

now I don't know how to get rid of U^{-1} and that - that comes from i^{*} in order to prove that f^{-1}(U)=(f^{-1}(U))^{*}
 

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