Propellant Chemistry Principles

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the principles of propellant chemistry as they relate to the preparation of ferrites using sol-gel technology. Specifically, it addresses the stoichiometric calculations required for synthesizing NiFe2O4 with metal nitrates (Ni(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3) and citric acid. The total valences of the components are -10 for Ni, -30 for Fe, and +18 for citric acid, leading to the equation 40 + 18n = 0, which results in n = 2.22 mol of citric acid. The conversation also clarifies that the term "propellant" should be replaced with "reactant" to accurately describe the chemical processes involved.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of stoichiometry in chemical reactions
  • Familiarity with sol-gel technology for material synthesis
  • Knowledge of valence and oxidation states in inorganic chemistry
  • Basic principles of electrochemical potential (ECP)
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the sol-gel synthesis process for ferrites, specifically NiFe2O4
  • Study the role of citric acid as a complexant in metal salt reactions
  • Explore the impact of pH and temperature on stoichiometric calculations
  • Learn about the principles of electrochemical potential in chemical systems
USEFUL FOR

Chemists, materials scientists, and researchers involved in the synthesis of ferrites and other complex materials will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in optimizing chemical reactions and minimizing impurities.

VASUbhagwat
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Time and again one comes across various authors using the sentence "" by the principles of propellant chemistry"", in order to determine the ratios of the complexant (fuel, like glycene, citric acid etc) and the metal salt, in preparatioin of ferrites by sol gel technology. Say for example in case of NiFe2O4 when metal nitrates as Ni(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 and citric acid are used, the total valences are – 10, – 15 and + 18, respectively. Hence the stoichiometric composition by the principles of Propellant chemistry requires that – 40 + 18n = 0 or n = 2.22 mol of citric acid.

1)How does it work out to -40?

2)what is this principle of Propellant chemistry?
 
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I think the term "propellant" should be "reactant". In many chemical systems, the desired products are determined by stoichiometry, pH, temperature, electrochemical potential (ECP), etc, . . . , so choices of reactants/reagents and environment are critical in obtaining the desired products while minimizing side (or unintended) reactions and impurities.

The "-40" comes from -10 for Ni and 2* -15 = -30 for 2 Fe from Ni + 2Fe => NiFe2 in NiFe2O4.
 
Sir

Thanks once again.

regards
vasudev
 

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