Prove Intersection of Subgroups of G is Normal Subgroup

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SUMMARY

The intersection of all subgroups of a group G with order n is a normal subgroup of G. This is established by first proving that the conjugate of the intersection of these subgroups is contained within the intersection of their conjugates. The proof involves demonstrating that the sets of subgroups and their conjugates are equivalent through double inclusion. Finally, applying a normality test confirms that this intersection is indeed a normal subgroup of G.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of group theory concepts, specifically normal subgroups.
  • Familiarity with subgroup properties and orders in group theory.
  • Knowledge of conjugation in group theory.
  • Ability to apply normality tests in group theory.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of normal subgroups in group theory.
  • Learn about conjugate subgroups and their implications.
  • Explore normality tests and their applications in proving subgroup properties.
  • Investigate the concept of subgroup intersection and its significance in group theory.
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in abstract algebra, particularly those focusing on group theory, as well as educators seeking to deepen their understanding of subgroup properties and normality.

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Homework Statement


Suppose that a group G has a subgroup of order n. Prove that the intersection of all subgroups of G of order n is a normal subgroup of G.


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The Attempt at a Solution


I know that I need to do the following:
Let S be the set of all subgroups of G with order N and let C be the set of all conjugates of those subgroups.

(1) Prove the conjugate of the intersection of all elements in the set S is contained in the intersection of all the elements of C. [I.e. if K is the intersection of all H in S, then gK(g^-1) is contained in the intersection of all gH(g^-1)]

(2) Prove that the sets S and C are the same (i.e. S=C) by double inclusion and conclude then that the intersection of all the elements of S must be the same as the intersection of all the elements of C.

(3) Finally, use one of the normality tests to conclude that the intersection of all the elements of S is normal in G.
However, I do not know how to set up any of these proofs.
Can someone please help me?
 
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I think you can do this rather directly: let g be in the intersection of all subgroups of order n and let h be in G. Then you need to show that hgh^(-1) is in all subgroups of order n. So let K be any subgroup of order n and try to show hgh^(-1) is in it. If we conjugate a group of order n then we get another group of order n. So g is in every conjugate of K. What conjugate of K should we choose to help us finish the proof?
 

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