Prove: $\sin P+\sin Q> \cos P+\cos Q +\cos R$ | Trig Challenge

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SUMMARY

The inequality $\sin P + \sin Q > \cos P + \cos Q + \cos R$ holds true for angles $P, Q, R$ of an acute-angled triangle. This conclusion is derived from the properties of sine and cosine functions in acute triangles, leveraging the fact that the sum of angles in a triangle equals 180 degrees. The proof involves applying trigonometric identities and the relationships between the angles to establish the inequality definitively.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of acute-angled triangles and their properties
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions: sine and cosine
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities
  • Basic skills in mathematical proof techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of sine and cosine in acute triangles
  • Learn about trigonometric identities and their applications
  • Explore mathematical proof techniques specific to inequalities
  • Investigate related inequalities in triangle geometry
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Mathematics students, educators, and anyone interested in advanced trigonometry and geometric proofs will benefit from this discussion.

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Let $P,\,Q,\,R$ be the angles of an acute-angled triangle. Prove that $\sin P+\sin Q> \cos P+\cos Q +\cos R$.
 
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Hint:
In any acute-angled triangle, we have $\angle P+\angle Q>\dfrac{\pi}{2}$ and hence $\sin P>\cos Q$.
Further hint:

$\therefore 1-\sin P<1-\cos Q$
 
Solution of other:

In any acute-angled triangle, we have

$\angle P+\angle Q>\dfrac{\pi}{2}$

[TABLE="class: grid, width: 600"]
[TR]
[TD]$\sin P>\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-Q\right)=\cos Q$

$1-\sin P<1-\cos Q$[/TD]
[TD]or[/TD]
[TD]$\sin Q>\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-P\right)=\cos P$

$1-\sin Q<1-\cos P$[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]

Multiplying the above two inequalities gives

$(1-\sin P)(1-\sin Q)<(1-\cos P)(1-\cos Q)$

$1-(\sin P+\sin Q)+\sin P\sin Q<1-(\cos +\cos Q)+\cos P\cos Q$

$\begin{align*}\sin P+\sin Q&>\cos P +\cos Q+\sin P\sin Q-\cos P\cos Q\\&=\cos P +\cos Q-\cos(P+Q)\\&=\cos P +\cos Q-\cos(\pi-R)\\&=\cos P +\cos Q+\cos R\end{align*}$
 

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