Proving an entire function is a polynomial under certain conditions

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that an entire function \( f \) satisfying the condition \( |f(z)| \leq C(1 + |z|)^n \) for all \( z \in \mathbb{C} \) is a polynomial of degree less than or equal to \( n \). The key approach involves using the Cauchy integral formula, specifically \( \frac{1}{2\pi i} \oint_\Gamma \frac{f(z)}{(z-w)^{n+1}} dz = \frac{f^{(n)}(w)}{n!} \), to establish a uniform bound for the derivatives \( f^{(n)}(w) \). This leads to the conclusion that the growth condition on \( f \) restricts its behavior, confirming that \( f \) must indeed be a polynomial.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of entire functions and their properties.
  • Familiarity with the Cauchy integral formula.
  • Knowledge of power series representation of functions.
  • Basic concepts of complex analysis, particularly growth conditions of functions.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of Liouville's theorem on entire functions.
  • Learn about the Cauchy integral formula and its applications in complex analysis.
  • Explore the relationship between growth conditions and polynomial bounds in complex functions.
  • Investigate the properties of power series and their convergence in the context of entire functions.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, particularly those specializing in complex analysis, students preparing for advanced mathematics exams, and anyone interested in the properties of entire functions and their classifications.

Bingk1
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Hello,
This was an exam question which I wasn't sure how to solve:

Suppose f is entire and |f(z)| \leq C(1+ |z|)^n for all z \in \mathbb{C} and for some n \in \mathbb{N}.
Prove that f is a polynomial of degree less than or equal to n.

I know that f can be expressed as a power series, but I'm not sure how to show that the upper limit of the sum has to be less than or equal to n.

Thanks!
 
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Hints:

  • $f^{(n)}(z)$ is entire for all $n\in{\mathbb{N}}$.
  • $\frac{1}{2\pi\cdot i}\cdot \oint_\Gamma \frac{f(z)}{(z-w)^{n+1}}dz = \frac{f^{(n)}(w)}{n!}$ where $\Gamma$ is, say, a circle centered at $w$ of radius $R$.
  • What can you say, then, about $f^{(n)}(w)$ for some $n$ ? (Hint: try to find a uniform bound for $f^{(n)}(w)$ on the whole plane)
 

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