Proving Equivalence of Standard and Basis-Generated Topologies on RxR

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving the equivalence of the standard topology on R² and the topology generated by the basis of open disks. Participants emphasize understanding the definitions of a basis and the topology generated by it. The natural metric topology of R² aligns with the open disks, demonstrating that open rectangles can be constructed from these disks. The conclusion is that both topologies yield the same open sets through their definitions and properties.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of topology concepts, specifically basis and generated topologies.
  • Familiarity with metric spaces, particularly the natural metric topology of R².
  • Knowledge of open sets and their properties in Euclidean spaces.
  • Ability to visualize geometric concepts such as open disks and rectangles in R².
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the definitions of basis and topology in detail.
  • Learn about the product topology and its implications in R².
  • Explore examples of open sets in different topological spaces.
  • Practice proving equivalences between various topologies using specific examples.
USEFUL FOR

Students preparing for topology exams, educators teaching topology concepts, and anyone interested in understanding the foundational aspects of topological spaces.

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I am having trouble proving this statement. Please help as I am trying to study for my exam, which is tomorrow

Prove that the standard topology on RxR is equivalent to the one generated by the basis consisting of open disks.

Thanks :)
 
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What are you having trouble understanding? What is the natural metric topology of R? This is essentially the same that is put on RxR, pointwise. Can you see how this coincides with open disks? It is not a hard problem.
 
What is the topology generated by the basis consisting of open disks?
 
What is the definition of a basis? What is the definition of the topology generated by a basis? Read carefully the definition and think if you completely understand every word and every statement there. Then close your book, write the definitions yourself on a blank piece of paper, as precisely as you can. Then open the book and compare - did you skip or added something? Once this is done, it will be easier to discuss the details and the difficulties you still may have.
 
Suppose a U is an open set in R2 (consider the usual euclidean topology - we are drawing a distinction between R2 and RxR).

Then for each point x in U, we can find an open disc Dx about x small enough so that it fits in U. If we like, we can also find a "rectangle" Rx small enough to fit inside Dx (top figure):

attachment.php?attachmentid=28528&stc=1&d=1285474877.png


Do you understand how the product topology in RxR naturally makes "open rectangles" open sets? It should follow very quickly from the definitions. What happens, now, if we take the union over all x in U of the rectangles Rx?

Similarly, for any rectangle, we can find an open disc inside it (bottom figure). Is this clear?
 

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