Proving Lagrangian L is Not Uniquely Defined

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that the Lagrangian L is not uniquely defined, specifically that it can be modified by adding a total time derivative of a function, denoted as \(\frac{d\Lambda}{dt}\). The user attempts to apply this modification in the Euler-Lagrange equations but encounters discrepancies in the results. Key equations discussed include the Euler-Lagrange equation \(\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{q}}=\frac{\partial L}{\partial q}\) and the modified form involving \(\Lambda\). The confusion arises from the application of derivatives and the need to correctly account for the total time derivative of \(\Lambda\).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lagrangian mechanics
  • Familiarity with Euler-Lagrange equations
  • Knowledge of partial derivatives and total derivatives
  • Basic concepts of classical mechanics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Euler-Lagrange equations in detail
  • Learn about the implications of adding total time derivatives to Lagrangians
  • Explore examples of non-unique Lagrangians in classical mechanics
  • Investigate the role of symmetries in Lagrangian formulations
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, particularly those studying classical mechanics, as well as educators and researchers interested in the nuances of Lagrangian formulations and their applications in theoretical physics.

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Homework Statement


I am trying to prove that Lagrangian L is not uniquely defined, but only up to a time derivative of a function:
\frac{d\Lambda}{dt}, \Lambda(\vec{q}, t)

So

L > L+\frac{d\Lambda}{dt} = L+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial q}~\dot{q}+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial t}

But when I put it in the E-L eqns they definitely aren't as before.

Where have I gone wrong?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution

 
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Show us what you got when you tried to crank out the Euler-Lagrange equations.
 


Alright:

\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{q}}=\frac{\partial L}{\partial q}

\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial}{\partial \dot{q}}(L+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial q}~\dot{q}+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial t})=\frac{\partial}{\partial q}(L+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial q}~\dot{q}+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial t})

\frac{d}{dt}(\frac{\partial L}{\partial q}+\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial q})=\frac{\partial L}{\partial q}+\frac{\partial^2 \Lambda}{\partial q^2}~\dot{q}+\frac{\partial^2 \Lambda}{\partial q \partial t}
 


Now calculate what

\frac{d}{dt}\left(\frac{\partial \Lambda}{\partial q}(q,t)\right)

is equal to.

(Do you only have one coordinate, or should you have qi's?)
 


Well I can't, so I am asking for help.
 


Don't be intimidated by the notation. The partial of Λ with respect to q is just another function of q and t. You find the total time derivative of it the same way you found the total time derivative of Λ(q,t).
 


I see. Thank you a lot.
 

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