Proving that the Composition of Two Self-Adjoint Operators is Self-Adjoint

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SUMMARY

The product of two self-adjoint operators on a finite-dimensional inner-product space is self-adjoint only if the operators commute. This conclusion is derived from the definition of adjoint operators, specifically using the equations \left\langle T v, w\right\rangle = \left\langle v, T^{*}w\right\rangle and \left(T \circ S \right)^{*} = S^{*} \circ T^{*}. A counterexample is provided by symmetric 2x2 matrices that do not commute, demonstrating that their product is not symmetric.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of self-adjoint operators
  • Familiarity with inner-product spaces
  • Knowledge of adjoint operator definitions
  • Basic linear algebra, specifically matrix operations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of self-adjoint operators in finite-dimensional spaces
  • Explore the implications of operator commutativity
  • Learn about symmetric matrices and their characteristics
  • Investigate counterexamples in operator theory
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students in linear algebra, and anyone studying operator theory will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in the properties of self-adjoint operators and their applications in finite-dimensional spaces.

CrazyIvan
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Homework Statement


Prove or give a counterexample: the product of any two self-adjoint operators on a finite-dimensional inner-product space is self-adjoint.

Homework Equations


The only two equations I've used so far are:
\left\langle T v, w\right\rangle = \left\langle v, T^{*}w\right\rangle
and
\left(T \circ S \right)^{*} = S^{*} \circ T^{*}

The Attempt at a Solution


I started with the definition of adjoint, using T \circ S :
\left\langle \left(T \circ S \right) v, w \right\rangle = \left\langle v, \left(T \circ S \right)^{*} w \right\rangle
Using the second relevant equation, I got
\left\langle \left(T \circ S \right) v, w \right\rangle = \left\langle v, \left(S \circ T \right) w \right\rangle
So the composition is self-adjoint only if T and S commute. But I don't know where to go from there.
Will self-adjoint operators necessarily commute?
 
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Take R^2 with the usual basis and inner product. Then self adjoint operators are the symmetric 2x2 matrices. Can you find two of those that don't commute? It's not that hard. When you find them also notice that their product isn't symmetric.
 
Thanks for your help!

It was, in fact, quite easy to find two such matrices. It only took a few minutes :redface: .
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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