QFT Index Question Homework: Solving Euler-Lagrange Equations w/ F_{mu,nu}

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a problem in Quantum Field Theory (QFT) focused on deriving equations of motion using the Euler-Lagrange equation, specifically involving the field strength tensor \( F_{\mu\nu} \) defined in terms of the gauge field \( A_{\mu} \). The original poster is uncertain about how to handle the indices in the differentiation process within the Euler-Lagrange framework.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster explores whether to treat the components \( A_{\mu} \) and \( A_{\nu} \) as separate fields or to change both indices in the differentiation. They present two different approaches to the index manipulation in the Euler-Lagrange equation.

Discussion Status

Participants are engaged in clarifying the correct treatment of indices in the context of the problem. Some guidance has been offered regarding the necessity of adapting indices to maintain covariance, and there is ongoing discussion about the proper formulation of the equations. There is no explicit consensus yet, as participants are still exploring the implications of their suggestions.

Contextual Notes

There are indications of issues with LaTeX formatting in the expressions shared, which may affect clarity in communication. The original poster's approach appears to yield reasonable results, but they seek validation of their technique amidst the ongoing discussion.

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Homework Statement


I'm learning QFT and trying to do a basic problem finding the equations of motion from the Euler-Lagrange equation given a lagrangian.

The lagrangian is in terms of:
F_{\mu\nu}=\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}

so then my issue comes in with this part of the Euler-Lagrange equation:
\frac{\partial\mathcal{L}}{\partial (\partial_{\mu}\phi)}

The Attempt at a Solution


Now, I'm not sure if I am supposed to treat this as two separate fields or not. My first attempt to solve this I made a change of index from \mu\rightarrow\lambda and \nu\rightarrow\gamma in the Euler-Lagrange equation so that I got terms that look something similar to:
(there's more terms and factors but I'm just showing the relevant part)
\frac{\partial (\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu})}{\partial (\partial_{\lambda}A_{\gamma})}-\frac{\partial (\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu})}{\partial (\partial_{\lambda}A_{\gamma})}
This then results in delta functions which multiply the other factors in the equations and I get the final answer.

OR

Am I supposed to only change ONE index and treat A_{\mu} and A_{\nu} as separate fields, so that I would only do \mu\rightarrow\lambda (again, only for the euler-lagrange equation)
and get two equations with terms similar to:
\frac{\partial (\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu})}{\partial (\partial_{\lambda}A_{\mu})}-\frac{\partial (\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu})}{\partial (\partial_{\lambda}A_{\mu})}
\frac{\partial (\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu})}{\partial (\partial_{\lambda}A_{\nu})}-\frac{\partial (\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu})}{\partial (\partial_{\lambda}A_{\nu})}


NOTE: I did it the first way and the answer looks reasonable to me, but I just want to make sure my technique was correct.
 
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You should never have the same index in the differentiations, you need to adapt all indices so that the equations respect the correct covariance requirement

\left[\partial_{\mu}\left(\frac{\partial_{\sigma}A_{\lambda}-\partial_{\lambda}A_{\sigma}}{\partial\left(\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}\right)}\right)\right] F^{\sigma\lambda}

So you can see that:
* the free index is \nu
* "fractions" corresponding to differentiations do not mix indices
* no index appears more than twice, twice iff summed over.

There's something wrong with the LaTex code...Hmmmmm...
 
\left[\partial_{\mu} \left(\frac{\partial_{\sigma}A_{\lambda}-\partial_{\lambda}A_{\sigma}}{\partial \left(\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}\right)}\right)\right] F^{\sigma\lambda}

:smile:
 
Oxvillian said:
\left[\partial_{\mu} \left(\frac{\partial_{\sigma}A_{\lambda}-\partial_{\lambda}A_{\sigma}}{\partial \left(\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}\right)}\right)\right] F^{\sigma\lambda}

:smile:

I missed an operator.

\left[\partial_{\mu} \left(\frac{\partial\left(\partial_{\sigma}A_{\lambda}-\partial_{\lambda}A_{\sigma}\right)}{\partial \left(\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}\right)}\right)\right] F^{\sigma\lambda}

Now the \lambda is not correctly parsed...
 
\left[\partial_{\mu} \left(\frac{\partial \left( \partial_{\sigma}A_{\lambda} -\partial_{\lambda}A_{\sigma}\right)}{\partial \left(\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}\right)}\right)\right] F^{\sigma\lambda}

Problem seems to be that the bb software is fond of inserting spaces in inappropriate places in order to break up long space-less lines.
 

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