Rack and pinion in an Ultra-High Vacuum

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the feasibility of using a rack and pinion mechanism in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment, particularly focusing on the challenges and considerations involved in such a confined space. Participants explore various aspects including material selection, mechanical operation, and potential issues related to vacuum conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the practicality of fitting a rack and pinion mechanism into a space of less than 10 mm, suggesting it may be unlikely.
  • Another participant expresses concern about the possibility of air being trapped between the rack and pinion, although it is noted that the mechanism does not require air to operate.
  • Concerns about cold-welding between the rack and pinion are raised, with a suggestion that material choice could mitigate this issue.
  • Discussion includes the need for non-magnetic materials, with some participants suggesting brass or 304L stainless steel, while others caution that these materials may be slightly magnetic.
  • Out-gassing from materials is identified as a potential problem, depending on the material and manufacturing process used.
  • Participants discuss the importance of contact forces, the number of cycles, and lubrication requirements, with references to specific lubrication methods used in other applications.
  • Questions are raised about the specific vacuum levels being considered, with references to different pressure ranges.
  • Some participants suggest consulting NASA or cube-sat resources for advice on compatible materials.
  • There is a mention of the magnetic properties of machined non-magnetic stainless steel, which may change over time, influencing material choice.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express multiple competing views regarding the suitability of various materials for use in UHV, particularly concerning their magnetic properties and out-gassing potential. The discussion remains unresolved with no consensus on the best material or approach.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the lack of detailed specifications on the materials being considered, the specific requirements for lubrication, and the exact vacuum levels involved. Participants have not reached a consensus on the best practices for implementing a rack and pinion mechanism in UHV.

LaunyO
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TL;DR
Rack and pinion mechanism in UHV
Hi everybody, I have a question with no clear answer so far.

Does the rack and pinion mechanism work in UHV ?

I have to translate an object in very confined scace (less than 10 mm), all in UHV.

Any response is welcome :)
 
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1) How are you going to get a rack and pinion into 10mm ? Might be possible (I'm not familiar w/ micro-machines) but seems unlikely.

2) I see no reason why it would not work in a less confined space. Presumably the drive mechanism would have a sealed lubrication system.

3) What does "translation" mean in this context?
 
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Presumably the pinion is in a region of rougher vacuum.

what is your concern? Cold-welding of the rack to the pinion? Materials choice should solve that, no?
 
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Thanks for your answer phinds.

1) Yes it is possible. I am working on a prototype with elements from 0.1 to 6 milimeters.

2) I was afraid that some air could be blocked between the rack and the pinion.

3)I have a rod and inside it I have another one that must be able to move perpendicularly to the axis (100nm to 500nm)
 
LaunyO said:
2) I was afraid that some air could be blocked between the rack and the pinion.
The rack and pinion is mechanical and does not require air to operate.

Out-gassing from a metal component may be a problem, depending on the material and foundry process. You have not identified the materials.

You do not mention contact forces, the number of cycles, or lubrication requirement. The steel ball bearings for the rotating anode X-ray tube motors were lubricated with lead dust because it did not evaporate.
 
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Thanks for your answers.

I read about out-gassing and looked at materials that can be used in UHV but my other constraint is that it must be non-magnetic. Even slightly magnetic is out of the question.

Baluncore said:
You do not mention contact forces, the number of cycles, or lubrication requirement. The steel ball bearings for the rotating anode X-ray tube motors were lubricated with lead dust because it did not evaporate.
I do not fully understand what you mean. (Btw I am French, so I get by in English but it is not my native language...)
 
Use Google translate ...
"Vous ne mentionnez pas les forces de contact, le nombre de cycles ou les exigences de lubrification.
Les roulements à billes en acier des moteurs à tube à rayons X à anode tournante ont été lubrifiés avec de la poussière de plomb car elle ne s'est pas évaporée."

Ask specific questions. Posez des questions spécifiques.
 
Baluncore said:
Use Google translate ...
"Vous ne mentionnez pas les forces de contact, le nombre de cycles ou les exigences de lubrification.
Les roulements à billes en acier des moteurs à tube à rayons X à anode tournante ont été lubrifiés avec de la poussière de plomb car elle ne s'est pas évaporée."

Ask specific questions. Posez des questions spécifiques.
Yeah thanks I know google translate... I still do not understand your last sentence, even translated in French.
 
Do any of you know with certainty a non-magnetic metal that can be use in UHV.

On some websites they say Brass or 304L Stainless steel are good and on others they say that they can be slightly magnetic...
 
  • #10
Do NOT use stainless steel.
Use brass or bronze.
 
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  • #11
Pure zinc from electrolytic refinery.
Zinc can be machined, or cast into a high temperature silicon rubber mold.
 
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  • #12
How much vacuum are we talking about? 10-7 Pa? 10-9? Lower?
 
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  • #13
Would NASA or cube-sat sites have advice on compatible non-galling, non-outgassing materials ?
 
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  • #14
Vanadium 50 said:
How much vacuum are we talking about? 10-7 Pa? 10-9? Lower?

1 E-8 mbar to 1 E-7 mbar
 
  • #15
That's not crazy high (much softer than the LHC vacuum). I'm not an expert, but see no reason 316L stainless wouldn't work.
 
  • #16
Vanadium 50 said:
That's not crazy high (much softer than the LHC vacuum). I'm not an expert, but see no reason 316L stainless wouldn't work.
Because 316L can be slightly magnetic.
 
  • #17
Vanadium 50 said:
I'm not an expert, but see no reason 316L stainless wouldn't work.
When you machine non-magnetic stainless steel the surface and the swarf become magnetic. Then the magnetic state changes over time as the crystal structure evolves.
 
  • #18
Baluncore said:
When you machine non-magnetic stainless steel the surface and the swarf become magnetic. Then the magnetic state changes over time as the crystal structure evolves.

That's why I am not going to use stainless steel at all. I will use brass or beryllium copper.
 

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