Residual Gas in High Vacuum Systems

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SUMMARY

The main residual gas constituent in high vacuum systems (HV) at approximately 1x10-4 Pa is primarily water vapor and nitrogen, which originate from outgassing of materials and ambient air. To achieve ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions around 1x10-8 Pa, techniques such as extensive baking of the vacuum chamber, using ion pumps, and employing getter materials are essential. In UHV, the predominant residual gas is typically hydrogen, which is a result of desorption from surfaces and the dissociation of water vapor.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of vacuum technology principles
  • Familiarity with outgassing phenomena
  • Knowledge of vacuum pump types, specifically ion pumps
  • Experience with vacuum system materials and their properties
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of outgassing in vacuum systems
  • Learn about the operation and applications of ion pumps
  • Investigate methods for achieving ultra-high vacuum, including chamber baking techniques
  • Explore the properties and uses of getter materials in vacuum applications
USEFUL FOR

Researchers, engineers, and technicians involved in vacuum technology, particularly those working with high and ultra-high vacuum systems in scientific and industrial applications.

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Homework Statement



What is the likely main residual gas constituent of a high vacuum system (HV) (P~1x10-4 Pa) and where does it come from? Explain how the vacuum may be improved to give ultra-high vacuum (UHV) (P~1x10-8 Pa). What is the likely main residual gas constituent of ultra-high
vacuum?

The Attempt at a Solution



My first guess was hydrocarbons for HV, but apparently that's something that occurs in rotary (rough) pumps which goes to about 10^-1 Pa.

I've searching google with no answer to this particular question.

Would anyone like to share their thoughts or a link with some answers?

Thanks a lot.
 
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