Radiation Damage In metals from Gamma rays

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the effects of gamma radiation on metals, particularly in terms of damage and brittleness compared to neutron radiation. Participants explore theoretical implications, potential applications, and the comparative severity of damage caused by different types of radiation.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that gamma rays can damage metals, making them brittle, especially in high radiation environments like p-D fusion.
  • Others argue that gamma rays cause significantly less damage than neutrons of comparable energy, primarily due to differences in interaction mechanisms.
  • A participant seeks specific numerical estimates for the damage caused by gamma radiation compared to neutron radiation, suggesting a need for order of magnitude comparisons.
  • It is noted that the effects of radiation may vary depending on the type of metal involved.
  • Some participants highlight that neutrons interact with atomic nuclei, leading to transmutation and displacement, while gamma rays primarily ionize electrons, affecting atomic interactions differently.
  • There is a discussion about the potential for gamma radiation damage to be negligible in practical applications, particularly regarding brittleness, due to heat generation that may mitigate such effects.
  • A later reply questions whether all damage from gamma rays on solid metal can be ignored, indicating a divergence in perspectives on the significance of gamma radiation effects.
  • One participant emphasizes that the context of the discussion is hypothetical, involving scenarios with significant gamma radiation emissions.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the extent of damage caused by gamma radiation compared to neutron radiation, with no consensus reached on specific numerical comparisons or the overall significance of gamma radiation effects on metals.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge that the damage from gamma and neutron radiation may depend on various factors, including the type of metal and the specific conditions of radiation exposure. There are unresolved questions regarding the quantitative relationship between the two types of radiation damage.

Sebastiaan
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From my understanding gamma rays can damage metal, making it brittle. Fortunaly, this appears to be little, but sill if you have a lot (like in p-D fusion) it becomes a serious hazard. The question is, how much? Specificly I need to know how much damange it does in compairison to Neutron radiation damage. For the sake of argument we asume the worse case scenario that all gamma radiation is absorbed, now how much will it weaken Metal compared to high energenic neutrons (> 1 MVe).
 
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I still wasn't able to get any numbers I can use. I know it's a lot less, but I need some estimation of order of magnitude. Something like Gamma radiation causes 0.1% of the damage of Neutron radiation.
 
I think the results will vary for different types of metals. And if there is a relationship between the damage of neutron and gamma rays it would also vary i assume.
Maybe if you can determine the dose rate of the different types of particles and compare that.
 
The fundamental difference is that neutrons interact with nuclei (resulting in transmutation) while gamma rays interact with electrons (where the effect is between atoms).
 
Neutrons actually knock atoms of their lattice positions, and we refer to displacements per atom (dpa), which has been correlated to microstructural changes in various alloys, in addition to the transmutation.

Gamma rays basically ionize metals and effectively increase the electron temperature, but not the so much the temperature of the atoms.
 
Does this mean all damage from gamma rays on solid metal can be ignored?
 
From my experience i would say so for real world applications with regard to brittleness ( if brittle is a damaging characteristic ). In most cases as Astronuc said , heat will be produced and this mechanism will usually anneal the brittleness effect out of the metal.
 
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Well the intended purpose is not real world application but for hypothetical application with Gigajoules worth of gamma radiation being emitted.
 

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