Resolution of distant light sources

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the distance at which a human eye can distinguish two car headlights 2.1 meters apart, considering diffraction effects. The relevant formula used is θ=(1.22*λ)/D, where λ is the wavelength of light (550 nm) and D is the pupil diameter (5.0 mm). Initially, an incorrect calculation yielded a distance of approximately 900 km, which was later corrected to 15,648 meters after identifying an algebraic and calculator error. This highlights the importance of verifying calculations in physics problems.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of diffraction and angular resolution
  • Familiarity with the formula θ=(1.22*λ)/D
  • Basic knowledge of algebra and calculator usage
  • Concept of wavelength in optics (e.g., 550 nm for visible light)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of diffraction and its effects on resolution
  • Learn more about the physics of light and human vision
  • Practice solving problems involving angular resolution and distance calculations
  • Explore advanced optics concepts such as Rayleigh criterion
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on optics and wave phenomena, as well as educators looking for examples of problem-solving in diffraction and angular resolution.

grouper
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Homework Statement



How far away can a human eye distinguish two car headlights 2.1 m apart? Consider only diffraction effects and assume an eye pupil diameter of 5.0 mm and a wavelength of 550 nm. What is the minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects?

Homework Equations



θ=(1.22*λ)/D where D=diameter

The Attempt at a Solution



If θ=2sin-1(0.5d/l) where d=distance between objects and l=length/distance to objects, then θ=(1.22*λ)/D with λ550e-9 m and D=0.005 m and l=2.1 m yields l=8.9658e5 m. This is incorrect though and I'm not sure where I went wrong. Any help is appreciated, thanks.
 
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grouper said:

Homework Statement



How far away can a human eye distinguish two car headlights 2.1 m apart? Consider only diffraction effects and assume an eye pupil diameter of 5.0 mm and a wavelength of 550 nm. What is the minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects?

Homework Equations



θ=(1.22*λ)/D where D=diameter

The Attempt at a Solution



If θ=2sin-1(0.5d/l) where d=distance between objects and l=length/distance to objects, then θ=(1.22*λ)/D with λ550e-9 m and D=0.005 m and l=2.1 m yields l=8.9658e5 m.

That's almost 900 km. The first thing you should do when solving physics problems is to ask yourself whether the answer you obtained makes any sense. Is it reasonable?

grouper said:
This is incorrect though and I'm not sure where I went wrong. Any help is appreciated, thanks.

You must have made some sort of algebraic error somewhere. We can't really help you track it down unless if you show us the steps in your solution.
 
That's almost 900 km. The first thing you should do when solving physics problems is to ask yourself whether the answer you obtained makes any sense. Is it reasonable?

Yes, I recognized that my answer was way off. Which is why I was confused, because I couldn't find the mistake earlier in my work.

You must have made some sort of algebraic error somewhere.

And yes, I must have made some sort of calculator error because I just tried it again and got 15648 m, which is much more reasonable (and also the correct answer). Thanks for the help.
 

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