Rotation curve in spiral galaxy velocity and uniform velocity dispersion

  • Context: Undergrad 
  • Thread starter Thread starter Ranku
  • Start date Start date
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the rotation curves of spiral galaxies, particularly focusing on the implications of uniform velocity dispersion in relation to dark matter distribution. Participants explore whether a diffused distribution of dark matter is necessary for uniform velocity dispersion or if a more clustered distribution could also yield similar results.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if uniform velocity dispersion necessitates a diffused dark matter distribution or if a clustered distribution could suffice, provided dark matter is present.
  • Another participant suggests that the answer is not straightforward and emphasizes the need to apply specific density distributions to mathematical models to determine the resulting orbits.
  • A different viewpoint introduces the concept of entropy and emergent gravity, proposing that these frameworks could explain uniform velocity dispersion without requiring a diffuse dark matter profile.
  • Further, the same participant notes that while a flat rotation curve indicates additional gravitational effects, the relationship between velocity dispersion and gravitational influences may not be directly linked.
  • Another participant seeks clarification on whether the emergent gravity effects discussed apply to gravitational behavior on solar system scales and requests technical references for further understanding.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the necessity of a diffused dark matter distribution for uniform velocity dispersion, indicating that multiple competing models and hypotheses are present in the discussion.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexity of gravitational dynamics in galaxies, with limitations in assumptions regarding dark matter distribution and the influence of alternative theories like emergent gravity remaining unresolved.

Ranku
Messages
434
Reaction score
18
The rotation curve of spiral galaxies shows uniform velocity dispersion in the outer reaches, which is taken as evidence of the presence and distribution of dark matter. My question: Does uniform velocity dispersion require the diffused distribution of dark matter, or could the distribution be, say, less diffused and more clustered, and there would still be uniform velocity dispersion, as long as there is the presence of dark matter?
 
Astronomy news on Phys.org
I don't think there's a general answer to that question. You'd have to plug a density distribution into the maths and see what orbits were implied.

Bear in mind that dark matter is influenced by gravity. You can probably find other density distributions that reproduce the same velocity curve for visible matter, but you have to show that the density distribution is consistent with the dynamics of dark matter.
 
  • Informative
Likes   Reactions: berkeman and Ranku
Entropy is not an additional form of mass, but in some approaches it can produce an effective extra acceleration at low accelerations (large radii). In an entropic or emergent-gravity picture, space/vacuum/information responds thermodynamically to the presence of baryonic matter, so the gravitational behavior outside the luminous disk deviates from purely Newtonian expectations. This can naturally lead to v_c(r) ≈ constant without invoking a diffuse dark-matter density profile. Importantly, a flat rotation curve tells us that extra gravitational effects are present, not where they physically originate. A roughly uniform velocity dispersion σ(r) is a separate issue, related to random motions and pressure support, and need not increase if the extra contribution mainly affects the mean orbital acceleration. Independent constraints (disk heating, stellar streams) then limit how clumpy any such explanation can be.
 
  • Skeptical
Likes   Reactions: Motore
FreeResearcher said:
In an entropic or emergent-gravity picture, space/vacuum/information responds thermodynamically to the presence of baryonic matter, so the gravitational behavior outside the luminous disk deviates from purely Newtonian expectations.
Is this deviation also expected for gravitation on the scale of the solar system? Can you cite a technical reference that derives this effect? Thanks.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Dale
Thread is closed temporarily for Mentor review.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
1K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
4K
  • · Replies 32 ·
2
Replies
32
Views
4K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K