Rotational Kinematics of a disk

In summary, a disk with a radial line painted on it and mounted on an axle experiences constant angular acceleration and moves from an initial angle of -90.0° to a final angle of 130° after 3.15 seconds. To find the angular speed after one complete revolution, Rotational Kinematics equations must be used, not dynamics equations.
  • #1
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Homework Statement



A disk with a radial line painted on it is mounted on an axle perpendicular to it and running through its center. It is initially at rest, with the line at q0 = -90.0°. The disk then undergoes constant angular acceleration. After accelerating for 3.15 s, the reference line has been moved part way around the circle (in a counterclockwise direction) to qf = 130°.

Given this information, what is the angular speed of the disk after it has traveled one complete revolution (when it returns to its original position at -90.0°)?

Homework Equations



http://www.ajdesigner.com/phpcircularmotion/centripetal_acceleration_equation.php

The Attempt at a Solution



Not sure I know have to use Rotational Kinematics to find the angular velocity first.
 
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  • #2
You have to use only the eqns of Rotational Kinematics, not dynamics.
 
  • #3
Rotational Kinematics is a branch of physics that deals with the motion of rotating objects. It involves concepts such as angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration. In this case, we can use the equation:

θf = θ0 + ω0t + 1/2αt^2

Where:
θf = final angular position (130°)
θ0 = initial angular position (-90°)
ω0 = initial angular velocity (unknown)
t = time (3.15 s)
α = angular acceleration (unknown)

We can rearrange the equation to solve for ω0:

ω0 = (θf - θ0 - 1/2αt^2)/t

Substituting in the known values, we get:

ω0 = (130° - (-90°) - 1/2α(3.15 s)^2)/3.15 s

Simplifying, we get:

ω0 = (220° - 1.575α)/3.15 s

Now, to find the angular speed after one complete revolution, we can use the equation for angular speed:

ω = Δθ/Δt

Since one complete revolution is 360°, we can substitute these values into the equation:

ω = 360°/t

Substituting in the known value of t (3.15 s), we get:

ω = 360°/3.15 s = 114.286°/s

Therefore, the angular speed of the disk after one complete revolution is 114.286°/s.
 

1. What is rotational kinematics?

Rotational kinematics is a branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects that are rotating or spinning around a fixed axis. It involves the study of the relationships between an object's rotational velocity, acceleration, and position.

2. How do you calculate rotational velocity?

Rotational velocity, or angular velocity, is calculated by dividing the change in angle by the change in time. It is typically measured in radians per second (rad/s) or revolutions per minute (rpm).

3. What is the difference between angular velocity and linear velocity?

Angular velocity is the rate of change of an object's angular displacement, while linear velocity is the rate of change of an object's linear displacement. In other words, angular velocity describes how fast an object is rotating, while linear velocity describes how fast an object is moving in a straight line.

4. How does rotational acceleration affect the motion of a disk?

Rotational acceleration, or angular acceleration, is the rate of change of an object's angular velocity. It affects the motion of a disk by causing it to either speed up or slow down its rotation. The direction of the angular acceleration determines whether the disk is accelerating or decelerating.

5. What is moment of inertia and how does it relate to rotational kinematics?

Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotational motion. It depends on the mass and distribution of mass of an object. In rotational kinematics, moment of inertia is used to calculate the rotational acceleration of a disk, similar to how mass is used to calculate linear acceleration in Newton's second law of motion.

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