Significant Figures with Kinetic Energy Formula?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the kinetic energy (K) of an object with mass m = 2.3±0.1 kg moving at speed v = 1.25±0.03 m/s using the formula K = 1/2 mv². The calculated kinetic energy is 1.8 J. Participants verify the application of error propagation formulas, specifically Δ(v²) = n x^(n-1)(Δx) and ΔK = k(z(Δm/m + Δv²/v²)), where k = 0.5. The constant 0.5 is confirmed as derived from the kinetic energy formula itself.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of kinetic energy formula K = 1/2 mv²
  • Knowledge of error propagation techniques in physics
  • Familiarity with basic calculus concepts, particularly differentiation
  • Ability to perform calculations involving uncertainties
NEXT STEPS
  • Study error propagation in more complex formulas
  • Learn about the significance of significant figures in scientific calculations
  • Explore the application of the chain rule in uncertainty calculations
  • Investigate the impact of varying mass and velocity on kinetic energy calculations
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics, particularly those studying mechanics and error analysis, as well as educators looking to clarify concepts related to kinetic energy and uncertainty in measurements.

ProfessorMadMan

Homework Statement


An object of mass m = 2.3±0.1 kg is moving at a speed of v = 1.25±0.03 m/s. Calculate the kinetic energy (K = 1 /2mv2 ) of the object. What is the uncertainty in K?

I am not exactly sure if I used the error equation correctly when I start using Δ(v2). Could someone verify my logic here?

Homework Equations


K=0.5mv2

Δ(v2)=nx^(n-1)(Δx)

ΔK=(k )(z(Δm/m +(Δv2)/(v2))), k=0.5, z=1.8

The Attempt at a Solution


K=0.5mv2=0.5(2.3kg)(1.25m/s)2=1.8J

Power Error Equation
Δ(v2)=nx^(n-1)(Δx)
=2(1.25)^1(0.03)

Δ(v2)=0.075

Multiplication and Constant Error Equation

ΔK=(k )(z(Δm/m +(Δv2)/(v2)))

K = 0.5 ⋅ 1.8 ⋅((0.1/2.3)+(0.075/1.252))

K = 0.08
 
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ProfessorMadMan said:
K = 0.5 ⋅ 1.8 ⋅((0.1/2.3)+(0.075/1.252))
Where did the 0.5 come from?

An easy way to check your answer is to plug in the values that would make K its max: 1.25+0.03, 2.3+0.1.
 
haruspex said:
Where did the 0.5 come from?

An easy way to check your answer is to plug in the values that would make K its max: 1.25+0.03, 2.3+0.1.

Sorry this was meant to be K = 0.5 ⋅ 1.8 ⋅((0.1/2.3)+(0.075/1.252)), is that still correct?

The 0.5 comes from the K=1/2 mv2

I understand that the 0.5 is an exact number, but my thought is that the uncertainty that I am calculating here needs to be scaled ( or with the same ratio) after you put the uncertainty with mass and speed given in the beginning through the KE formula. OR does that not matter?
 
haruspex said:
Where did the 0.5 come from?

An easy way to check your answer is to plug in the values that would make K its max: 1.25+0.03, 2.3+0.1.
I am using the exact constant rule: z = k Δx, whereas k has no uncertainty, or Δk=0. So I use 0.5 from the kinetic energy formula as k.
 
ProfessorMadMan said:

Homework Statement


An object of mass m = 2.3±0.1 kg is moving at a speed of v = 1.25±0.03 m/s. Calculate the kinetic energy (K = 1 /2mv2 ) of the object. What is the uncertainty in K?

I am not exactly sure if I used the error equation correctly when I start using Δ(v2). Could someone verify my logic here?

Homework Equations


K=0.5mv2

Δ(v2)=nx^(n-1)(Δx)

ΔK=(k )(z(Δm/m +(Δv2)/(v2))), k=0.5, z=1.8
In general, Δ(xn) = nxn−1(Δx) .

Specifically, Δ(v2) = 2v1(Δv) .
 
ProfessorMadMan said:
The 0.5 comes from the K=1/2 mv2
You already included that when calculating the 1.8J.
 

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