MHB Solve for $d-b$: $a^5=b^4,\,c^3=d^2,\,c-a=19$

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To solve for \(d-b\) given the equations \(a^5=b^4\), \(c^3=d^2\), and \(c-a=19\), we start by expressing \(b\) in terms of \(a\) as \(b = a^{5/4}\). Next, we express \(c\) in terms of \(a\) using \(c = a + 19\). Substituting \(c\) into the equation \(c^3=d^2\) leads to \(d = (a + 19)^{3/2}\). Finally, calculating \(d-b\) gives the result in terms of \(a\), which can be simplified further based on the integer constraints. The solution ultimately reveals the relationship between \(d\) and \(b\) based on the values of \(a\).
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Assume that $a,\,b,\,c$ and $d$ are positive integers such that $a^5=b^4,\,c^3=d^2$ and $c-a=19$.

Determine $d-b$.
 
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anemone said:
Assume that $a,\,b,\,c$ and $d$ are positive integers such that $a^5=b^4,\,c^3=d^2$ and $c-a=19$.

Determine $d-b$.

As $c^3=d^2$ So there exists x such that $c=x^2$ and $d = x^3$
Further as $a^5=b^4$ so there exists y such that $a=y^4$ and $b=y^5$
Now
c-a=19
$=> x^2-y^4=19$
$=> (x-y^2)(x+y^2)=19$
As 19 is prime and $x+y^2 > x- y^2$ we have
$x-y^2=1$ and $x+y^2=19$
Solving these we get $x=10$ and $y = 3$
So $d-b = 10^3 - 3^5 = 1000 - 243= 757$
 
Here is a little puzzle from the book 100 Geometric Games by Pierre Berloquin. The side of a small square is one meter long and the side of a larger square one and a half meters long. One vertex of the large square is at the center of the small square. The side of the large square cuts two sides of the small square into one- third parts and two-thirds parts. What is the area where the squares overlap?

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