Solving an Electromagnetic Wave Problem

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving an electromagnetic wave problem involving the electric field represented by the equation \(\mathbf{B}=\mathbf{i} E_o \cos(kz-\omega t)+ \mathbf{j} E_o \sin(\omega t - kz)\). The direction of propagation is determined to be along the z-axis. The magnetic field can be computed using equation (4), the Poynting vector is derived from equation (1), and the energy density is calculated using equation (2). The participant confirms the approach for each part of the problem, particularly the assignment of the propagation direction as +z.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic wave equations
  • Familiarity with vector calculus and cross products
  • Knowledge of Poynting vector and energy density concepts
  • Proficiency in using Maxwell's equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Poynting vector using \(\mathbf{S}=\frac{1}{\mu_o}(\mathbf{E} \times \mathbf{B})\)
  • Explore the implications of wave propagation direction in electromagnetic theory
  • Learn about the relationship between electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves
  • Investigate energy density calculations in different electromagnetic contexts
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism, wave propagation, and related mathematical concepts.

schrodingerscat11
Messages
86
Reaction score
1

Homework Statement


For an electromagnetic wave with an electric field given by
\mathbf{B}=\mathbf{i} E_o cos (kz-\omega t)+ \mathbf{j} E_o sin (\omega t - kz)
where Eo is a constant
Find
(a) its direction of propagation
(b) the magnetic field
(c) Poynting vector
(d) energy density, i.e., the amount of energy that is transmitted by the wave per unit area per unit time.

Homework Equations


(1) \mathbf{S}=\frac{1}{\mu_o}(\mathbf{E} \times \mathbf{B}) (Poynting vector)
(2) u =\frac{1}{2}\big(\epsilon_o E^2 + \frac{1}{\mu_o}B^2 \big) (energy density)
(3) \nabla\times\mathbf{E} = - \frac {\partial \mathbf{B}}{\partial t} (magnetic field)
(4) \mathbf{{\tilde{B}}}(\mathbf{r},t)=\frac{1}{c}\mathbf{\hat{k}}\times\mathbf{\tilde{E}} (magnetic field)

The Attempt at a Solution



(a) Because we have the kz-\omega and \omega t - kz terms, the direction of propagation is along the z-axis. The electric and magnetic fields are along the x-y plane. How to I know if the direction of EM wave propagation is + or - z-axis?

(b) Once I get the EM wave propagation direction, then I just use equation Eq. 4. Is that right?

(c) I just use Eq. 1, right?

(d) This is just Eq. 2, right?

Thank you very much.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Wait. I think I have an answer for (a).
Hm, since
\mathbf{E}=\mathbf{i}E_o cos(kz-\omega t) + \mathbf{j}E_o sin(\omega t-kz)
we can have
\mathbf{E}=\mathbf{i}E_o cos(kz-\omega t) + \mathbf{j}E_o sin(-(kz-\omega t))
\mathbf{E}=\mathbf{i}E_o cos(kz-\omega t) - \mathbf{j}E_o sin(kz-\omega t)

After this, can I just assign an arbitrary +z propagation direction so that
\mathbf{\hat{k}}=+\mathbf{\hat{z}}

Then I can easily compute for the magnetic field \mathbf{B} Is this correct? Thanks.
 

Similar threads

Replies
19
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
3K