Solving Fun Ellipse Problem: Finding Parametric Representation

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on finding the parametric representation of an elliptical path for a cyclist traveling from a starting position (X1, Y1) to a destination (X2, Y2) while covering a distance S. The parametric equations for the ellipse are defined as X(t) and Y(t), with parameters including the center (Xc, Yc), semi-axes (a, b), and angle (\phi). The user has derived four equations from the start and end positions and two from the derivative of the parametric equations, but struggles with the arc length equation S = ∫(a² sin(t)² + b² cos(t)²) dt, which complicates finding the seven unknowns. The problem is identified as underdetermined, requiring additional constraints to find a unique solution.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of parametric equations and their derivatives
  • Familiarity with elliptical geometry and arc length calculations
  • Knowledge of numerical methods, specifically Newton's method
  • Basic programming skills for implementing mathematical solutions
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  • Research techniques for solving parametric equations in computational geometry
  • Study the application of Newton's method for solving nonlinear equations
  • Explore methods for constraining underdetermined systems in optimization problems
  • Investigate alternative approaches to calculating elliptical arc lengths
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Mathematicians, computer programmers, and engineers working on trajectory optimization, particularly those dealing with parametric representations of curves and numerical methods for solving equations.

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This is a small part of a larger program I'm working on. This actually looked like a fun problem -- but I'm hitting a wall now.

Imagine a person riding a bicycle. You know their starting position (X1, Y1), and their initial heading.
Their destination is elsewhere at point (X2, Y2). They MUST ride a total distance of S along an elliptical path to reach their destination.
Assuming S is a sufficiently large enough value to actually travel to the destination, find the parametric representation of the path traveled.

What I've got so far:
The parametric representation of a general ellipse is as follows:
X(t) = Xc + a cos(t) cos([tex]\phi[/tex]) - b sin(t) sin([tex]\phi[/tex])
Y(t) = Yc + a cos(t) sin([tex]\phi[/tex]) + b sin(t) cos([tex]\phi[/tex])

where Xc, and Yc are the center of the ellipse, a and b are the major and minor semi-axes respectively, and [tex]\phi[/tex] is the angle between the X-axis and the major axis ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse#General_parametric_form" )

I would need to solve for Xc, Yc, a, b, [tex]\phi[/tex], t1, and t2.
7 unknowns, so I'd need 7 equations.

I get 4 equations using the start and end positions.
Since I know the heading at the start point, if I take the derivative of the general parametric equations I can use the slope of the starting point to get 2 more equations.
And finally, I can use my travel distance, S, with the general parametric arc length equation. http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcII/ParaArcLength.aspx"

If I clean it up, I get this equation for the arc length between t1 and t2 on an ellipse (excuse the formatting)
S = [tex]\int[/tex][tex]\stackrel{t2}{t1}[/tex]( a^2 sin(t)^2 + b^2 cos(t)^2 ) dt

So here's my wall.
I am implementing this into a computer program, and would need to find "a good solution" quickly. That elliptical arc length equation is throwing me a monkey wrench. Without it, I believe I could find the Jacobian, use Newton's method, and get my 7 unknowns in a handful of iterations.

I guess my question is, am I on the right track here? What is the best way to proceed? Is there a "why didn't you just" solution I'm not seeing?

(In my gut, something doesn't feel right -- like my two "heading" equations are not really independent of each other. I also think I can visualize at least two solutions to this problem given the set-up. If this is the case, that there isn't ONE solution, I'd simply need A solution. Any thoughts?)
 
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The problem is underdetermined. There are infinitely many ellipsis through two given points. You need an additional information, something which puts large enough into an equation.
 

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