Solving non-linear second order ODE

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving a non-linear second order ordinary differential equation (ODE) represented by x'' = (-k/m)x^n, where the force F(x) = -k(x^n) is proportional to the distance from the origin raised to a positive integer power n. The participant seeks to prove that the time T for a particle to reach the origin is given by T = C / ((x0)^(n-1)/2) and to determine the coefficient C in terms of the Beta and Gamma functions. The solution involves using the chain rule to derive a separable ODE, ultimately leading to the expression C = (m(n+1)/(2*K))^-1/2, although the participant struggles to relate this to the Beta or Gamma functions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
  • Familiarity with the concepts of force laws and motion
  • Knowledge of the Beta and Gamma functions
  • Proficiency in calculus, particularly in solving separable ODEs
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for solving non-linear second order ODEs
  • Study the applications of the Beta and Gamma functions in physics
  • Explore the chain rule in the context of differential equations
  • Learn about the Emden-Fowler equation and its solutions
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in physics and mathematics, particularly those focused on classical mechanics and differential equations, will benefit from this discussion.

bluestorm
Messages
1
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



It will be great if someone could show me some options:
I need to prove the following:

A particle of mass m is attracted toward a fixed point O (the origin) with a force proportional
to its instantaneous distance from O raised to a positive integer power, i.e., according to the force
law F (x) = −k(x^n) . (Note that n must be odd in order for F (x) to be an attractive force!) Suppose
that, at time t = 0, the particle is released from rest at x = x0 . Show that the time T for the particle to reach O is given by the formula:
T = C / ( (xo)^(n-1)/2 )

Homework Equations



Determine explicitly the coefficient C in terms of (i) the Beta function and (ii) Gamma functions

The Attempt at a Solution



i tried solving it manually using definite integrals and arrived at
C = (m(n+1)/(2*K))^-1/2

but this looks nothing like the gamma or beta function
also, I was unable to find a normal method to solve the 2nd order non linear ODE:
x'' = (-k/m)x^n

because of the x^n... all common methods are give for just x or with some x'
Also tried series expansion solution to the ODE... but the t was in several pieces and cannot put it together in the required form

Also tried using Emden-Fowler equation but arrived to a very similar value of C without any relation to the beta or gamma

Any help will be greatly appreciated
 
Physics news on Phys.org
This is fairly straightforward by use of the chain rule:

\ddot{x}=\frac{d}{dt}\dot{x}=\frac{dx}{dt}\frac{d}{dx}\dot{x}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{d}{dx}\dot{x}^2

Which gives you a separable ODE:

\frac{1}{2}\frac{d}{dx}\dot{x}^2=-\frac{k}{m}x^n
 

Similar threads

Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
863
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K