Undergrad Square root of a complex number

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SUMMARY

The square root of a complex number \( z \) is defined as a complex number \( w \) such that \( w^2 = z \). This function has two branches, leading to two possible values for \( w \), specifically \( \sqrt{z^2} = \pm z \). Utilizing the polar form, where \( a = re^{i\theta} \) and \( a^2 = r^2e^{i2\theta} \), the square root can be expressed as \( \pm re^{i\theta} \). It is crucial to consider the branch being used, as \( 2\theta \) may not always align with the chosen branch.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of complex numbers and their properties
  • Familiarity with polar coordinates and exponential form of complex numbers
  • Knowledge of branch cuts in complex analysis
  • Basic algebra involving square roots
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of complex numbers in detail
  • Learn about branch cuts and their implications in complex analysis
  • Explore the polar representation of complex numbers
  • Investigate applications of complex square roots in engineering and physics
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physics students, and anyone studying complex analysis or working with complex numbers in engineering applications will benefit from this discussion.

Nipon Waiyaworn
if a is a complex number then sqrt(a^2)=?
Is it is similar to Real Number?
Help me please
 
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The square root of a complex number ##z## is a complex number ##w## such that ##w^2 = z##. Note that the square root function has two branches, or in other words, there are two possibilites to choose ##w##. ##\sqrt{z^2}=\pm z## depending on the chosen branch and ##z##.
 
Here's an example:

http://www.qc.edu.hk/math/Advanced%20Level/Finding%20the%20square%20root%20of%20a%20complex%20number.htm
 
Orodruin said:
The square root of a complex number ##z## is a complex number ##w## such that ##w^2 = z##. Note that the square root function has two branches, or in other words, there are two possibilites to choose ##w##. ##\sqrt{z^2}=\pm z## depending on the chosen branch and ##z##.
Thanks a lot
 
jedishrfu said:
Here's an example:

http://www.qc.edu.hk/math/Advanced%20Level/Finding%20the%20square%20root%20of%20a%20complex%20number.htm
Thanks a lot
 
Maybe using the polar form would help: ## a=re^{i\theta} ; a^2 =r^2e^{i2\theta} ## . Then its square root , as Orodruin said, is ## \pm re^{i\theta} ## , although if you are working within a branch to start with ## 2\theta ## may not fall within the branch.
 

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