Stable Equilibrium of Two Hemispheres: a<3b/5

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the stability of equilibrium for two solid hemispheres, where the top hemisphere with radius 'a' rests on a bottom hemisphere with radius 'b'. The key conclusion is that the equilibrium position is stable when the condition a < 3b/5 is satisfied. The participants explore gravitational potential energy and the no-slip condition to analyze the stability of the system. The approach involves differentiating the height of the center of mass to determine stability.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy and its equations.
  • Familiarity with the concept of center of mass in rigid body dynamics.
  • Knowledge of equilibrium conditions in physics.
  • Basic calculus for differentiation and analysis of stability.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of gravitational potential energy in static systems.
  • Learn about the center of mass calculations for composite shapes.
  • Explore stability analysis techniques in mechanical systems.
  • Investigate the implications of the no-slip condition in contact mechanics.
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in physics, particularly those studying mechanics and equilibrium, as well as engineers working on stability in mechanical systems.

Latao Manh
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Homework Statement


A solid hemisphere with radius b has its flat surface glued to a horizontal table. Another solid hemisphere with radius a rests on top of the hemisphere of radius b so that the curved surfaces in contact. The surfaces of hemispheres are rough, meaning no slipping occurs between them. Both hemispheres have uniform mass distributions. Two objects are said to be in equilibrium when the top one is upside down
- that is, with its flat surface parallel to the table but above it. Show that the equilibrium position is stable if a&lt;3b/5.

Variables: a,b

Homework Equations


I think it's gravitational potential energy. So mgy =U
and v_cm = r\omega for the top hemisphere
But this does not seem to go anywhere.

The Attempt at a Solution


I am stuck at resolving gravitational potential energy and the no-slip condition into some form so that I can differentiate.
 
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Differentiating sounds good. Need some coordinate to describe deviation form the equilibrium position. Then express height of c.o.m. in that coordinate. If the center of mass goes up, stable, if it goes down, unstable. Any idea that keeps things simple ?
 

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