Stone tied to string whirled. Max string tension?

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The maximum tension in the string occurs when the stone is at the bottom of the vertical circle. This is due to the need to counteract gravitational force while providing the necessary centripetal force for circular motion. Analyzing the forces at various points, the tension is highest at the bottom because it must overcome both the weight of the stone and provide the centripetal acceleration. Applying Newton's second law and considering the acceleration at each point confirms this conclusion. Thus, the bottom of the circle is where the string experiences maximum tension.
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stone tied to string whirled. Max string tension??

Homework Statement


A stone of mass m at the end of a string of length l is whirled in a vertical circle at a constant speed when will the tension in the string be maximum?

Homework Equations


a) at the top of the circle
b) halfway down from the top
c) quarterway down from the top
d) at the bottom of the circle

The Attempt at a Solution


i know the answer, its obvious its the bottom of the circle due to force required to overcome the effect of gravity, but how can one prove it mathematically using the different physics phenomenon.
 
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Analyze the forces acting on the stone at each of those points, then apply Newton's 2nd law. Hint: What's the acceleration of the stone at each point?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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