(sum to infinity of divisor function)^{2} -- simplify the expression

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on simplifying the expression for the sum of the square of the divisor function, specifically ##120 \sum \limits_1^\infty (\sigma_{3}(n))^{2}##. The user aims to demonstrate that this can be expressed as ##120\sum \limits_{k=1}^{n-1} \sigma_{3}(k) \sigma_{3}(n-k)##. Additionally, the user connects this to the equality ##E_{4}(t)^{2}=E_{8}(t)##, leading to the conclusion that ##\sigma_{7}(n)=\sigma_{3}(n)+120\sum\limits^{n-1}_{k=1} \sigma_{3}(k)\sigma_{3}(n-k)##, where ##E_{8}(t)## and ##E_{4}(t)## are defined in terms of the divisor functions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of divisor functions, specifically ##\sigma_{3}(n)## and ##\sigma_{7}(n)##.
  • Familiarity with modular forms, particularly the functions ##E_{4}(t)## and ##E_{8}(t)##.
  • Knowledge of infinite series and summation techniques.
  • Basic proficiency in mathematical notation and manipulation of series.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties and applications of divisor functions, focusing on ##\sigma_{3}(n)## and ##\sigma_{7}(n)##.
  • Learn about modular forms and their significance in number theory, particularly ##E_{4}(t)## and ##E_{8}(t)##.
  • Explore techniques for manipulating infinite series and summations in mathematical proofs.
  • Investigate the relationship between divisor functions and modular forms to deepen understanding of their interconnections.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, number theorists, and students studying modular forms and divisor functions will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in advanced topics in analytic number theory.

binbagsss
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Hi,
I have ## 120 \sum \limits_1^\infty (\sigma_{3}(n))^{2} ## , where ## \sigma_{3}(n) ## is a divisor function.
And I want to show that this can be written as ##120\sum \limits_{k=1}^{n-1} \sigma_{3}(k) \sigma_{3}(n-k) ##
I'm pretty stuck on ideas starting of to be honest, since the sum is infinite, any help much appreciated.
Many thanks in advance.
 
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I'm wondering if there is a mistake in what you wrote. The first summation doesn't say what the index is. [itex]n[/itex]? There aren't any other indices to sum over.
 
Okay so in that case I'm assuming I have made a mistake so I will give the whole question instead

I have concluded that ##E_{4}(t){2}=E_{8}(t)## and I am wanting to use this to show that ##\sigma_{7}(n)=\sigma_{3}(n)+120\sum\limits^{n-1}_{k=1} \sigma_{3}(k)\sigma_{3}(n-k)##

where ##E_{8}(t)=1+480\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{7}(n)q^{n}## and ##E_{4}(t)=1+240\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{3}(n)q^{n}##

And so my working so far is

##E_{4}^{2}(t)-E_{8}(t)=0##
##(1+480\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{7}(n)q^{n} -((1+480\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{3}(n)q^{n})(1+480\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{3}(n)q^{n}))

= 480\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{7}(n)q^{n} - 480\sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{3}(n)q^{n}-240^{2}\sum\limits^{\infty}_{k=1} \sigma_{3}(k)q^{k} \sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{3}(n)q^{n}##

Divide by 480 and everything looks on track except this issue in my OP

##\sigma_{7}(n)q^{n}=q^{n}\sigma_{3}(n)+120\sum\limits^{\infty}_{k=1} \sigma_{3}(k)q^{k} \sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=1} \sigma_{3}(n)q^{n} ##
 

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