B Sun contains more oxygen, silicon and neon than previously thought

AI Thread Summary
Recent research by Ekaterina Magg, Maria Bergemann, and colleagues reveals that the sun contains more oxygen, silicon, and neon than previously estimated, leading to more accurate solar models. These models align with current data on the sun's structure, including sound waves and luminosity, without invoking exotic physics. The study, published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, enhances our understanding of the sun's chemical composition and internal dynamics. This new composition may help resolve discrepancies in solar metallicity observed between asteroseismology and spectroscopic measurements. The findings contribute significantly to the ongoing exploration of stellar compositions and their implications for astrophysics.
Astronuc
Staff Emeritus
Science Advisor
Gold Member
Messages
22,340
Reaction score
7,138
Ekaterina Magg, Maria Bergemann and colleagues have published results of new calculations concerning the composition of the sun.
https://phys.org/news/2022-05-solar-spectrum-decade-long-controversy-sun.html

Stellar spectra contain conspicuous, sharp dark lines, first noticed by William Wollaston in 1802, famously rediscovered by Joseph von Fraunhofer in 1814, and identified as tell-tale signs indicating the presence of specific chemical elements by Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen in the 1860s.

Pioneering work by the Indian astrophysicist Meghnad Saha in 1920 related the strength of those "absorption lines" to stellar temperature and chemical composition, providing the basis for our physical models of stars. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin's realization that stars like our sun consist mainly of hydrogen and helium, with no more than trace amounts of heavier chemical elements, is based on that work.

Maria Bergemann (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy) says: "The new solar models based on our new chemical composition are more realistic than ever before: they produce a model of the sun that is consistent with all the information we have about the sun's present-day structure—sound waves, neutrinos, luminosity, and the sun's radius—without the need for non-standard, exotic physics in the solar interior."

As part of the work on her Ph.D. in that group, Ekaterina Magg set out to calculate in more detail the interaction of radiation matter in the solar photosphere.

The study, "Observational constraints on the origin of the elements. IV: The standard composition of the sun," is published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics. https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2022/05/aa42971-21/aa42971-21.html
 
  • Like
  • Informative
Likes Drakkith, Ibix, DrClaude and 1 other person
Astronomy news on Phys.org
I hope this doesn't re-energize the "Iron Sun" bunch.
 
  • Informative
  • Like
Likes swampwiz and Bystander
Vanadium 50 said:
the "Iron Sun" bunch.
Just "Googled" that; "strange xenon?" I thought Hoagland and the "Cydonuts" were at the pinnacle of the (d)evolutionary ladder; learn something new every day.
 
The main proponent - who I think can fairly (and non-judgementally) be described as "colorful" - was a past member here.

It is probably worth pointing out that the sun has a density of 1.4 g/cm3. Iron is 7.9 even if not compressed under pressure.
 

New theoretical model accounts for sun's rotation and magnetic field​

https://phys.org/news/2022-05-theoretical-accounts-sun-rotation-magnetic.html

We have abundance measurements of its chemical elements, but also measurements of its internal structure, like in the case of Earth thanks to seismology," explains Patrick Eggenberger, a researcher at the Department of astronomy of the UNIGE and first author of the study.

P. Eggenberger et al, The internal rotation of the Sun and its link to the solar Li and He surface abundances, Nature Astronomy (2022). DOI: 10.1038/s41550-022-01677-0
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-022-01677-0
 
So sounds like these new abundances in general might resolve the solar metallicity discrepancy between asteroseismology and spectroscopic measurements? Raising the spectroscopic totals would help at least in the case of oxygen silicon and neon.
 
TL;DR Summary: In 3 years, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope (or rather, a system of telescopes) should be put into operation. In case of failure to detect alien signals, it will further expand the radius of the so-called silence (or rather, radio silence) of the Universe. Is there any sense in this or is blissful ignorance better? In 3 years, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope (or rather, a system of telescopes) should be put into operation. In case of failure to detect...
Thread 'Could gamma-ray bursts have an intragalactic origin?'
This is indirectly evidenced by a map of the distribution of gamma-ray bursts in the night sky, made in the form of an elongated globe. And also the weakening of gamma radiation by the disk and the center of the Milky Way, which leads to anisotropy in the possibilities of observing gamma-ray bursts. My line of reasoning is as follows: 1. Gamma radiation should be absorbed to some extent by dust and other components of the interstellar medium. As a result, with an extragalactic origin, fewer...
Back
Top