Tangential acceleration and centripetal acceleration

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the relationship between tangential acceleration and centripetal acceleration in a rotating disc with a radius of 16 cm and an angular acceleration of 8.0 rad/s². The correct formula for tangential acceleration is confirmed as Atan = αr, yielding a value of 50 m/s². The centripetal acceleration is derived using the formula a_c = rω², where ω is the angular velocity. The total acceleration is expressed as √((rω²)² + (αr)²), highlighting the orthogonal relationship between tangential and centripetal accelerations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of angular acceleration and its relationship to tangential acceleration
  • Knowledge of centripetal acceleration and its formula a_c = rω²
  • Familiarity with the concepts of angular velocity and tangential velocity
  • Basic principles of rotational motion and acceleration
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of the formula for centripetal acceleration a_c = rω²
  • Learn about the relationship between angular velocity (ω) and tangential velocity (v = ωr)
  • Explore the concept of total acceleration in rotational motion, including both tangential and centripetal components
  • Review problems involving uniform angular acceleration to solidify understanding of tangential and centripetal accelerations
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on rotational dynamics, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts of tangential and centripetal acceleration.

siapola1
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a disc or radius r = 16cm starts spinning from rest with a uniform angular acceleration of 8.0 rad/s^2. at what time is its tangential acceleration twice the centripetal acceleration.

i figured out the tangential acceleration is:
Atan = α/R = 8 / .16 = 50 m/s^2

and the centripetal acceleration is :
2(α*R) = 2.56 m/s^2then i got stuck. will the centripetal increase as its tangential acceleration increase?
please help
 
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siapola1 said:
Atan = α/R
Not a good start.
siapola1 said:
2(α*R) = 2.56 m/s^2
That's a better attempt at the tangential acceleration, but not quite right.
Can you find a correct formula for centripetal?
 
haruspex said:
Not a good start.
So can you help me please?
 
siapola1 said:
So can you help me please?
Don't you have any notes or textbook that give you the relationship between angular and tangential accelerations?
What about angular and tangential velocities? Angular and tangential displacements?
 
I wasnt in class that day and homework are usually much harder than lectures.
He gave is us this formula in class

Centripetal acc. = R * (ω4 + α2)
But I don't know how to use it in this problem
 
siapola1 said:
I wasnt in class that day and homework are usually much harder than lectures.
He gave is us this formula in class

Centripetal acc. = R * (ω4 + α2)
But I don't know how to use it in this problem
Oh. That's not helpful at all. In fact it is wrong.
If the angular acceleration is α, radius r, then the tangential acceleration is αr.
Likewise, if a disc is rotated by angle θ then a point on its rim travels an arc length θr, and if rotating at rate ω then the tangential velocity is ωr.
The centripetal acceleration is that component of the total acceleration which is normal to the velocity. For a rotating disc it is pointing towards the disc's centre. Its magnitude is v2/r = rω2.
The centripetal and tangential accelerations are at right angles, so the total acceleration has magnitude √((rω2)2+(αr)2) = r√(ω42).
 
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