Rods and cones are the two types of photoreceptors in the human eye that play crucial roles in vision. Rods are responsible for low-light vision and peripheral vision, while cones enable color perception and function best in bright light. The process involves phototransduction, where light is converted into electrical signals sent to the brain. There is interest in creating artificial versions of these photoreceptors for use in cameras. While individual photoreceptors can be connected to electrodes in laboratory settings, they are not expected to replace electronic sensors in cameras due to practical limitations. Understanding the biology behind these cells is essential for grasping their function and potential applications.