The Speed of Light: Comparing Photon and EM Wave Velocities

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies that photons and electromagnetic (EM) waves are fundamentally the same entity, both traveling at the speed of light (c) in a vacuum. While the speed of EM waves can be less than c when propagating through a medium, the intrinsic speed of photons remains constant at c. The conversation emphasizes the distinction between classical and quantum models of light, asserting that both approaches serve different purposes in understanding electromagnetic phenomena.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of classical electromagnetism
  • Familiarity with quantum mechanics and photon theory
  • Knowledge of wave-particle duality
  • Basic principles of light propagation in different media
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics
  • Explore classical electromagnetism and Maxwell's equations
  • Investigate the behavior of light in various media and its refractive index
  • Watch educational videos on the relationship between photons and EM waves
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators in electromagnetism, and anyone interested in the fundamental properties of light and its behavior in different contexts.

fxdung
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Velocity of photon allways is c(photon is massless particle).While velocity of EM wave in medium < c.So does velocity of photon need not allways equal velocity of EM wave?
 
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A photon is an EM wave. Two names for the same thing, just different languages (classical vs. quantum).
 
So velocity of photon is difference with classical EM wave(superposition of many photons)'s velocity?
 
fxdung said:
So velocity of photon is difference with classical EM wave(superposition of many photons)'s velocity?
No. Photons and EM waves move at the same speed. They are the same thing.
 
But in medium speed of photon is c but speed of light is v<c?
 
fxdung said:
But in medium speed of photon is c but speed of light is v<c?
No. THEY ARE THE SAME. It's just two different ways of modeling reality. The quantum approach (photons) is more accurate, but the classical approach (waves) is amazingly good (for something that's wrong) at solving large scale scale EM problems with easier math.

Check out this video. They'll explain it better than I can.
 
fxdung said:
Velocity of photon allways is c(photon is massless particle).While velocity of EM wave in medium < c.So does velocity of photon need not allways equal velocity of EM wave?

You are trying to mix together a classical model of light and a quantum model of light. That doesn't work.

Furthermore, you already have an open thread where this same confusion has been addressed:

https://www.physicsforums.com/threa...t-wavetrain-corresponding-with-photon.999282/

So there's no point in having this separate thread open to rehash the same confusion.

Thread closed.
 
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