Thermal vs Mech. Efficiency of Engines: Petrol vs Diesel

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the differences between thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency of engines, specifically comparing petrol and diesel engines. Participants explore definitions, implications of engine construction, and the factors influencing efficiency.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants define mechanical efficiency as the work output divided by the energy input, while thermal efficiency is described as the efficiency of converting heat from combustion into work.
  • One participant explains that thermal efficiency relates to the heat produced by combustion and its transformation into work, referencing the use of a PV diagram.
  • Another participant emphasizes that mechanical efficiency accounts for losses due to friction and other systems necessary for engine operation, such as lubricating and cooling systems.
  • There is a claim that diesel engines are generally more efficient than petrol engines, although the reasoning behind this assertion is questioned.
  • One participant notes that petrol engines do not have higher compression ratios than diesel engines, suggesting a technical distinction between the two types.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the efficiency of petrol versus diesel engines, with some asserting that diesel engines are more efficient while others seek clarification on the reasons behind this claim. The discussion remains unresolved regarding which engine type is definitively more efficient.

Contextual Notes

Participants mention various factors that influence engine efficiency, including construction and compression ratios, but do not reach a consensus on the implications of these factors.

elixer akm
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What is the difference between thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency of an
engine...and which engine is more efficient ..petrol or diesel
 
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Mechanical efficiency is the work out divided by the energy in.
Thermal efficiency is the mechanical efficiency where the input energy is heat.
The efficiency of a particular engine depends on it's construction ... you can look up typical figures.
 
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Thermal efficiency is how efficient the engine can transform the heat produced by the combustion into work moving the piston(s), i.e the work found by a PV diagram.

Mechanical efficiency of an engine is how efficient the engine can deliver the work moving the piston(s) into work output, i.e. work at the crankshaft. Friction is the main loss here, but it will also include losses due to systems necessary to run the engine (lubricating or cooling systems for example).
 
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elixer akm said:
What is the difference between thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency of engine...and which engine is more efficient ..petrol or diesel
Thermal efficiency refers to thermal energy and thermal energy refers to the chemical energy of a fuel converted to thermal energy through combustion. Thermal efficiency is total available thermal energy as opposed to thermal energy used to perform work.

And mechanical efficiency refers to total available energy/force to perform work as opposed to actual work performed.

Diesels are more efficient, but do you know why?
 
Petrol engines do not have higher compression ratios than diesels, quite the opposite in fact.
 

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