Thermodynamics question: venting a tank of liquid oxygen

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the thermodynamic principles involved in venting a dewar of liquid oxygen (LO2) to achieve subcooling. The initial conditions include a total LO2 mass of 68,000 kg, an initial pressure of 3 psig (17.7 psia), and an initial temperature of -297 F. Upon venting to atmospheric pressure (0 psig or 14.7 psia), adiabatic expansion is expected to occur, potentially resulting in a temperature drop. However, the energy changes during compression and expansion of liquid oxygen are minimal, indicating that significant temperature reduction may not be achievable through this method.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic principles, particularly adiabatic processes.
  • Familiarity with the properties of liquid oxygen, including its boiling point and phase behavior.
  • Knowledge of pressure units and conversions, specifically psig and psia.
  • Basic grasp of the ideal gas law and its application to gases under varying pressures.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the thermodynamic equations governing adiabatic expansion, such as the Joule-Thomson effect.
  • Explore the properties of liquid oxygen, including its phase diagram and critical temperature.
  • Study the implications of pressure changes on the boiling point of cryogenic liquids.
  • Investigate the energy dynamics involved in compressing and expanding cryogenic fluids.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for chemical engineers, cryogenics specialists, and researchers involved in the handling and processing of cryogenic liquids, particularly liquid oxygen.

msteves
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I am trying to figure out how you can subcool a dewar of liquid oxygen (vacuum insulated) just by releasing the pressure sitting on top of it. The liquid I am thinking of in this case is liquid oxygen, which boils at -297.33 F at 1 atm. Let's say I fill a dewar with LO2, then pressurize that dewar to 3 psig (using cold gaseous oxygen), and then let it reach thermal equilibrium. Now once I open to vent to let that gas on top of it vent to atmosphere, there should be adiabatic expansion of the liquid of the pressure decreases, which should then decrease the temperature. All I am trying to figure out is about how much of a temperature drop would be reasonable to expect by doing this.

Some conditions:
Total LO2 mass = 68,000 kg
P_initial = 3 psig = 17.7 psia
P_final = 0 psig - 14.7 psia
T_initial = let's say -297 F
T_final = ?

I assume I can use the pressure change to somehow figure out the density difference, but I haven't taken thermodynamics in a while, so I am stuck on which equations/assumptions to use.

Thanks for the help.
 
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The energy in compression and expansion of liquid is minuscule and in any case if you pressurize it it will boil at a higher temperature, so you won't gain anything.
 
Thanks, that's in line with what I was thinking at first. In my particular example, there must be something else going on that I am unaware of.
 

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