Time taken for fluid to start flowing

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves fluid dynamics, specifically the flow of liquid from a container through an orifice. The original poster seeks to determine the time taken for the fluid to reach a certain velocity and the acceleration of the liquid at the moment the orifice is opened.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking, Conceptual clarification

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to analyze the motion of the liquid by considering the forces acting on a mass element near the orifice. They express uncertainty about how to proceed after calculating an initial acceleration.
  • Some participants question the validity of treating the water column above the orifice as a freely accelerating object, suggesting that the upward force from the container's walls must be considered.
  • Others clarify that the estimate was intended for a specific portion of the fluid above the orifice.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants exploring different interpretations of the forces acting on the fluid. There is no explicit consensus yet, but the dialogue is productive in examining the assumptions related to fluid motion and the forces involved.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating the complexities of fluid dynamics, particularly the effects of pressure and acceleration in a confined space. The original poster's approach may be constrained by the need to adhere to specific principles of fluid mechanics.

springwave
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Homework Statement



A large container has of diameter D has a small orifice or diameter d at it's bottom,
When the orifice is opened, liquid of density ρ starts flowing out with an approximate velocity of √2gh, but the liquid takes some time τ to reach this velocity. Find the approximate order of magnitude of τ.

What is the acceleration of the bottom layer of the liquid, at the instant when the orifice is opened.


Homework Equations



Pascals law
Bernoullis equation





The Attempt at a Solution




If we find the initial acceleration, then it will be quite easy to find the time.
And to do this, I did the following:

Taking a small mass element Δm near the bottom, covering a of length Δx, and using force = pressure * area; I found acceleration = gh/Δx

I don't know how to proceed om here.
It would be great if someone could explain to me, how to analyze the motion of the liquid during this small interval of time, from the instant of release to start of steady flow
 
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Treat the column of water directly above the orifice as a freely accelerating object?

F = ρvg = ρva
 
We can't do that because, the walls of the container (bottom) exert upward force on the column
 
springwave said:
We can't do that because, the walls of the container (bottom) exert upward force on the column

I said the column directly above the orifice. It was just for an estimate.
 

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