Tong Dynamics: cannot cancel angle from orbit energy expression calculation

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the derivation of the energy expression in David Tong's lectures, specifically the formula E = (mk² / 2l²)(e² - 1). The user struggles with the cancellation of the angle θ in the energy calculation using the effective potential. They realize that the radius r must be expressed in terms of r₀, θ, and eccentricity e to proceed with the calculation. This highlights the importance of correctly substituting variables in orbital mechanics.

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  • Understanding of orbital mechanics and angular momentum
  • Familiarity with effective potential energy concepts
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities and manipulations
  • Basic grasp of eccentricity in orbital dynamics
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  • Review David Tong's lectures on orbital mechanics, focusing on effective potential
  • Study the derivation of energy expressions in celestial mechanics
  • Learn about the relationship between radius, angle, and eccentricity in orbits
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Students of physics, particularly those studying celestial mechanics, and anyone interested in the mathematical derivation of energy expressions in orbital dynamics.

jds17
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Hi, I love the lectures by David Tong. Usually I can follow his calculations (but I am not yet so far into the lectures...). But one that I just cannot do is the derivation of the energy in (4.16), the expression being ##E = \frac {mk^2} {2 l^2} (e^2 - 1)##, where l is the constant angular momentum of the orbit of the single point particle, m its mass, V(r) = - k/r the expression for the potential and e the eccentricity of the orbit.
I just don't see how using the expression ##\frac {dr} {d\theta} = \frac {r_0 e \sin(\theta)} {(1+e \cos(\theta))^2}## (page 59) in the expression of the energy using the effective potential cancels out the angle ##\theta##. Of course it has to work since the energy is a constant of motion, but no matter what trigonometric manipulations I use, it does not cancel out the angle.
In case it is not so readable I have attached the relevant sections from the lecture
 

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Are you cancelling units or dimensions?
An angle is a ratio, it has no dimension.
 
Thanks! I know, the angle is dimensionless, but still the energy cannot depend on the angle.

I just found why I could not continue with the calculation: I left the radius r in the expression for the energy, but I need to expand it in terms of r_0, theta and the eccentricity as well! It is getting late here. I will do the calculation tomorrow.
 
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