Tunnel Through Earth: Particle Motion Facts

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In summary, a particle dropped from a height equal to the radius of the Earth into a tunnel dug through the Earth will oscillate through the Earth to a height R on both sides, its motion will be periodic, and it will pass through the centre of Earth with a speed √(2GM/R). The particle will also execute simple harmonic motion, but this is not included in the listed answers.
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erisedk
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Homework Statement


A particle is dropped from a height equal to the radius of the Earth into a tunnel dug through the Earth along one of the diameters. Which of the following is/are true--
(A) Particle will oscillate through the Earth to a height R on both sides
(B) Particle will execute simple harmonic motion
(C) Motion of the particle is periodic
(D) Particle passes through the centre of Earth with a speed √ (2GM/R)

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


The answers are (A), (C), (D).

I know A and C will be true, A due to conservation of energy and C because such motions are almost always periodic, but I don't get why (B) is wrong and (D) is true.
Is (B) wrong because field above the Earth is GM/r^2 and inside the Earth GMr/R^3 and these are different, so it won't be SHM?
In any case, I can't prove (D) to be true (I tried energy conservation)
 
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  • #2
Sorry, got it.
 
  • #3
It will melt.
 

What is a "Tunnel Through Earth"?

A "Tunnel Through Earth" refers to a hypothetical tunnel drilled from one point on the surface of the Earth to the opposite point on the other side, passing through the center of the Earth.

What is Particle Motion?

Particle motion refers to the movement of particles, such as atoms or molecules, in response to external forces or energy. In the context of a "Tunnel Through Earth", it is the motion of particles as they travel through the tunnel from one end of the Earth to the other.

How does Particle Motion differ in a "Tunnel Through Earth" compared to on the surface?

In a "Tunnel Through Earth", particles would experience a constant gravitational force towards the center of the Earth, causing their motion to oscillate back and forth around the center. On the surface, particles experience a downward gravitational force towards the Earth's center, but also other external forces such as air resistance and friction, resulting in more complex and varied motion.

What factors affect Particle Motion in a "Tunnel Through Earth"?

The main factor affecting particle motion in a "Tunnel Through Earth" is the Earth's gravitational force. Other factors such as the density and composition of the Earth's layers, as well as the rotation of the Earth, may also have an impact.

Is a "Tunnel Through Earth" possible in reality?

No, a "Tunnel Through Earth" is not possible in reality due to the extreme temperatures and pressures in the Earth's core. Additionally, the rotation of the Earth would cause the tunnel to collapse in on itself. It is purely a theoretical concept used for scientific and educational purposes.

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